Vocal Harmony Group
Central in the development of new musical styles. It got its start in black spirituals and eventually moved to motown.
ex. The Dominoes (1952)
Urban Folk Music
Early 50s- new genre of pop music. Draws on non-southern country roots. Left wing used it to write protest songs.
Ex. Woody Guthrie, Pete Seger
Rhythm and Blues
New big thing in the Fifties. Almost exclusively played by african americans and sold to african american audiences.
Jump Blues
First successful category of blues. Consists of verses in 12 bar blues alternated with an 8 bar chorus. Medium tempo boogie woogie rhythm.
Hillbilly Music
First southern musicians. Minstrely, vaudeville, circuses. Musicians didn't start out as full time professionalsNostalgic element, wanted to hold onto their history.
Big Mama Thorton
Daughter of a Baptist Minister, she was a professional singer and harmonica player. Played for both white and black audiences due to her diverse skills. Sang Hound Dog, which was written for her by a white man- preceded rock and roll when outsiders wrote
Long Tall Sally
Sung by Little Richard, built on 12 bar blues. Produced by Chuck B Chess Records. Fats Domino helped produce it with Imperial Records in LA
Don't Be Cruel
Elvis Presley's biggest commercial hit- based on 12 bar blues. The vocals are blues derived with country inflections. The strong backbeat evokes rhythm and blues. Electric guitar evokes western swing
Swing
Characterized by a steady rhythm, swing originated in african american culture and was watered down for white audiences. It was usually used to dance to. It instilled a sense of freedom, vitality, and enjoyment
Latin American Stream
Vivid rhythms. Late 1920s- cuban style emerges in NY. Influenced by the working class, it implemented rural/country style instruments, the rhythm becomes more complex. Song element (tango) influential in early 20th century
Tin Pan Alley Structure
Verse carries a dramatic story, emotional note. AABA form. Verse and chorus form with rhymes in the text. "Escape Music" - it didn't deal with real issues.
Crooning
Emerged after the invention of the microphone. It was a softer, more tender form of singing.
Ex. My Blue Heaven
Euro American Stream
Waltzes, polkas, and fast step. Central was jewish klezmer music. Ny and Tin Pan Alley with its pop music brought its own folk music traditions within this stream.
String Bands
Where country music began. Banjo (originally an afr. american instrument. Characterized as work songs, lullabies, spirituals, play songs. They characterized life and were relatable.
Ex. James Brown
African American Stream
As a large population, it faced prejudice. The music itself was polyrhythmic with syncopation as its unifying feature. There was an emphasis on improv.
Race Records
An early example of black nationalism. This term was concerned with primarily blues- not all far. american records were considered race music. In the 20s, Afr. American musical culture began to emerge
St Louis blues
Wc Handy. It was a swing hybrid with some tin pan alley style. Had a more regular/predictable AABC style with a call and response between Bessie Smith on vocals and Louis Armstrong on trumpet.
Swing Era
From 1935 to 1945. Transformed pop music. Traveled through the midwest and then the rest of the US. Differed from more raw, syncopated music. There was less improv than blues
Jazz
Originated in New Orleans around 1900. There was an interaction between black and creole musicians who had more training. It created a rowdy context for social dancing that was unsophisticated and therefor disliked by most white audiences
Ruth Brown
Miss rhythm. She was the most popular black female vocalist from 1951 to 1954 and was most popular in the south. She singlehandedly kept Atlantic Records afloat.
Mama He Treats Your Daughter Mean
Ruth Brown. Written by Johnny Wallace, Herbert Lance, and Charles Singleton. It was number 1 on the R&B charts for 5 weeks.It blends blues and Tin Pan Alley styles. It was a 12 bar blues for with four expanded in the middle of the song.
Latin Music in the Swing Era
The cuban stream was dominant, but other latin traditions were important. Usually consisted of black band leaders with the musicians who hired them. Swing eventually integrated with latin elements as Brazilian music made its way to the US and into films.
Muddy Waters
Revered blues musician post WWII. He took country blues style and made it rougher- added heavy microphone, harmonies, and an electric guitar which amplified the music's intensity.
Southern Music and postwar years
Jukebox business played an important role in promoting country , western, rhythm and blues. Small independent record labels also helped promote the music. Grand Ole Opry station used to broadcast live country music.
Alan Freed
DJ- played R&B records on cleveland radio show. Promoted black artists to mixed crowds. Also used "bandstand
Cover
White artists take from and imitate black artists. Taking a song from the original performer and performing it yourself. Encouraged the white fascination with black music. Courts ruled that the songs weren't copyrighted and could be performed by anyone. U
Shake Rattle and Roll
Original by Big Joe Turner
Cover by Bill Haley and the Comets
12 bar blues, AAB text, functioning chorus
Original was done in a jump blues style with r&B style- it was a modest crossover hit.
Hoochie Coochie Man
Variation of blues form. It uses stop time- the music stops. Extended boast- sexual prowess. Compared to black snake moan, its a little more regular, instrumental, better vocals, and more amplified.
Hound Dog
Big Mama Thorton. Number one for weeks. One of the top selling R&B songs of the 1953. Stark image of female power rarely experiences in pop music of the fifties. Uses 12 bar blues in the verse. The howling at the end exemplifies dominance.
Maybelline
Chuck Berry. Recorded in 1955. Modeled on Ida Red. Roots in rhythm and blues. Incorporates electric guitar. Slides noticeable in vocal and guitar parts. Derived from 12 bar blues.
La Bamba
Richie Valen. Incorporation of son jarocho and hispanic lyrics.
My Girl
Composed by Smokey Robinson. Performed by The Temptations released in 1965. Moderate tempo love ballad. Includes brass accompaniment. Strings dominate the instrumental before the third and final verse
You Can't Hurry Love
Composed by Holland, Dozier, and Holland. Performed by the Supremes in 1966. A begins, and B and C alternate as A doesn't return. Emphasizes the importance of waiting for someone important. Minimal melodic echo and intricacy from the vocal line emphasizes
The Wild Side of Life
Performed by Hank Thompson and his Brazos Valley Boys in 1951. Follows a man who lost his love and is lamenting about his emotional pain
It Wasn't God who Made honky-Tonk Angels
Kitty Wells, 1952. In response to "The Wild Side of Life" It was a critique of the male domination of honky tonk songs. She sings as a betrayed woman with memories of a formerly happy marriage life.
Choo Choo Ch Boogie
Louis Jordan's Tympany Five- circa 1946. Made up of a series of verses in twelve bar blues for with an eight bar chorus. Talks about when jobs were scarce and the future was uncertain
Phil Spector
Preferred to work with vocal groups. His production work helped ensure that the 60s were the golden age for Rock and Roll. he turned out a smaller number of records at a time, but they were well produced and many went on to become hits.
Berry Gordy
Producer, highly influential in the beginning of Motown. He kept all financial and creative aspects in african american control- creating jobs. He had an ability to surround himself with talent and his artists were very loyal to him due to his high level
Double tracking
Frequently used by Buddy Holly, its when two nearly identical tracks are played on top of one another-it made the sound seem like it was coming right out of the speakers.
Bribes
I don't remember what exactly what this was called, but many DJs used to accept bribes from producers to play their client's song more than the others.
Tiger Rag
Written by Nick LaRocca. Recorded in 1918 by the Original Dixieland Jazz Band. Musical phrases of regular length. Begins with all the musicians beginning full volume- sounds like you've been dropped in the middle of a performance. Surprisingly, there is n
Vocal Harmony Group
Central in the development of new musical styles. It got its start in black spirituals and eventually moved to motown.
ex. The Dominoes (1952)
Urban Folk Music
Early 50s- new genre of pop music. Draws on non-southern country roots. Left wing used it to write protest songs.
Ex. Woody Guthrie, Pete Seger
Rhythm and Blues
New big thing in the Fifties. Almost exclusively played by african americans and sold to african american audiences.
Jump Blues
First successful category of blues. Consists of verses in 12 bar blues alternated with an 8 bar chorus. Medium tempo boogie woogie rhythm.
Hillbilly Music
First southern musicians. Minstrely, vaudeville, circuses. Musicians didn't start out as full time professionalsNostalgic element, wanted to hold onto their history.
Big Mama Thorton
Daughter of a Baptist Minister, she was a professional singer and harmonica player. Played for both white and black audiences due to her diverse skills. Sang Hound Dog, which was written for her by a white man- preceded rock and roll when outsiders wrote
Long Tall Sally
Sung by Little Richard, built on 12 bar blues. Produced by Chuck B Chess Records. Fats Domino helped produce it with Imperial Records in LA
Don't Be Cruel
Elvis Presley's biggest commercial hit- based on 12 bar blues. The vocals are blues derived with country inflections. The strong backbeat evokes rhythm and blues. Electric guitar evokes western swing
Swing
Characterized by a steady rhythm, swing originated in african american culture and was watered down for white audiences. It was usually used to dance to. It instilled a sense of freedom, vitality, and enjoyment
Latin American Stream
Vivid rhythms. Late 1920s- cuban style emerges in NY. Influenced by the working class, it implemented rural/country style instruments, the rhythm becomes more complex. Song element (tango) influential in early 20th century
Tin Pan Alley Structure
Verse carries a dramatic story, emotional note. AABA form. Verse and chorus form with rhymes in the text. "Escape Music" - it didn't deal with real issues.
Crooning
Emerged after the invention of the microphone. It was a softer, more tender form of singing.
Ex. My Blue Heaven
Euro American Stream
Waltzes, polkas, and fast step. Central was jewish klezmer music. Ny and Tin Pan Alley with its pop music brought its own folk music traditions within this stream.
String Bands
Where country music began. Banjo (originally an afr. american instrument. Characterized as work songs, lullabies, spirituals, play songs. They characterized life and were relatable.
Ex. James Brown
African American Stream
As a large population, it faced prejudice. The music itself was polyrhythmic with syncopation as its unifying feature. There was an emphasis on improv.
Race Records
An early example of black nationalism. This term was concerned with primarily blues- not all far. american records were considered race music. In the 20s, Afr. American musical culture began to emerge
St Louis blues
Wc Handy. It was a swing hybrid with some tin pan alley style. Had a more regular/predictable AABC style with a call and response between Bessie Smith on vocals and Louis Armstrong on trumpet.
Swing Era
From 1935 to 1945. Transformed pop music. Traveled through the midwest and then the rest of the US. Differed from more raw, syncopated music. There was less improv than blues
Jazz
Originated in New Orleans around 1900. There was an interaction between black and creole musicians who had more training. It created a rowdy context for social dancing that was unsophisticated and therefor disliked by most white audiences
Ruth Brown
Miss rhythm. She was the most popular black female vocalist from 1951 to 1954 and was most popular in the south. She singlehandedly kept Atlantic Records afloat.
Mama He Treats Your Daughter Mean
Ruth Brown. Written by Johnny Wallace, Herbert Lance, and Charles Singleton. It was number 1 on the R&B charts for 5 weeks.It blends blues and Tin Pan Alley styles. It was a 12 bar blues for with four expanded in the middle of the song.
Latin Music in the Swing Era
The cuban stream was dominant, but other latin traditions were important. Usually consisted of black band leaders with the musicians who hired them. Swing eventually integrated with latin elements as Brazilian music made its way to the US and into films.
Muddy Waters
Revered blues musician post WWII. He took country blues style and made it rougher- added heavy microphone, harmonies, and an electric guitar which amplified the music's intensity.
Southern Music and postwar years
Jukebox business played an important role in promoting country , western, rhythm and blues. Small independent record labels also helped promote the music. Grand Ole Opry station used to broadcast live country music.
Alan Freed
DJ- played R&B records on cleveland radio show. Promoted black artists to mixed crowds. Also used "bandstand
Cover
White artists take from and imitate black artists. Taking a song from the original performer and performing it yourself. Encouraged the white fascination with black music. Courts ruled that the songs weren't copyrighted and could be performed by anyone. U
Shake Rattle and Roll
Original by Big Joe Turner
Cover by Bill Haley and the Comets
12 bar blues, AAB text, functioning chorus
Original was done in a jump blues style with r&B style- it was a modest crossover hit.
Hoochie Coochie Man
Variation of blues form. It uses stop time- the music stops. Extended boast- sexual prowess. Compared to black snake moan, its a little more regular, instrumental, better vocals, and more amplified.
Hound Dog
Big Mama Thorton. Number one for weeks. One of the top selling R&B songs of the 1953. Stark image of female power rarely experiences in pop music of the fifties. Uses 12 bar blues in the verse. The howling at the end exemplifies dominance.
Maybelline
Chuck Berry. Recorded in 1955. Modeled on Ida Red. Roots in rhythm and blues. Incorporates electric guitar. Slides noticeable in vocal and guitar parts. Derived from 12 bar blues.
La Bamba
Richie Valen. Incorporation of son jarocho and hispanic lyrics.
My Girl
Composed by Smokey Robinson. Performed by The Temptations released in 1965. Moderate tempo love ballad. Includes brass accompaniment. Strings dominate the instrumental before the third and final verse
You Can't Hurry Love
Composed by Holland, Dozier, and Holland. Performed by the Supremes in 1966. A begins, and B and C alternate as A doesn't return. Emphasizes the importance of waiting for someone important. Minimal melodic echo and intricacy from the vocal line emphasizes
The Wild Side of Life
Performed by Hank Thompson and his Brazos Valley Boys in 1951. Follows a man who lost his love and is lamenting about his emotional pain
It Wasn't God who Made honky-Tonk Angels
Kitty Wells, 1952. In response to "The Wild Side of Life" It was a critique of the male domination of honky tonk songs. She sings as a betrayed woman with memories of a formerly happy marriage life.
Choo Choo Ch Boogie
Louis Jordan's Tympany Five- circa 1946. Made up of a series of verses in twelve bar blues for with an eight bar chorus. Talks about when jobs were scarce and the future was uncertain
Phil Spector
Preferred to work with vocal groups. His production work helped ensure that the 60s were the golden age for Rock and Roll. he turned out a smaller number of records at a time, but they were well produced and many went on to become hits.
Berry Gordy
Producer, highly influential in the beginning of Motown. He kept all financial and creative aspects in african american control- creating jobs. He had an ability to surround himself with talent and his artists were very loyal to him due to his high level
Double tracking
Frequently used by Buddy Holly, its when two nearly identical tracks are played on top of one another-it made the sound seem like it was coming right out of the speakers.
Bribes
I don't remember what exactly what this was called, but many DJs used to accept bribes from producers to play their client's song more than the others.
Tiger Rag
Written by Nick LaRocca. Recorded in 1918 by the Original Dixieland Jazz Band. Musical phrases of regular length. Begins with all the musicians beginning full volume- sounds like you've been dropped in the middle of a performance. Surprisingly, there is n