interval
The distance between any two pitches in a melody is called a(n)
chord
This is the simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches
cadence
The end of a musical phrase is articulated by a
syncopation
When composers accent notes that are played between, rather than directly on the steady beat this is called____.
homophony
This occurs when one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying lines, or voices.
tempo
The pace of a musical piece is its
polyphony
This texture is the result of many melodic lines set against one another.
melody
In most cultures, this is the main line, or tune.
sequence
This results when a motive is repeated at a different pitch.
rythym
Music is propelled forward in time by:
Introit
Which section of the Mass is part of the Proper (texts that changed according to the calendar)?
Scivias (Know the Ways of God)
Hildegard von Bingen completed what work in 1151?
Latin
In medieval music, sacred texts were written in what language?
False
Instrumental music was played using written notation during the medieval period.
Ars Nova
Guillaume de Machaut's compositions represent which medieval musical style?
Minnesingers
In medieval Germany, secular vocal music was created and performed by _____.
Organum
What were the earliest notated polyphonic (a texture with more than one melody line) compositions called?
True
Much as the organa had added an independent line of music to the chant the motet added a second set of words.
False
A poet-musician in southern France who lived during the medieval period was called a trouv�re.
Vernacular
In medieval secular music, secular texts would be written in the everyday language of the country of origin, also known as_______.
are more expressive than recitative.
Arias became the focal point of operas because they
Arioso
Which of the following terms does not describe some aspect of a system for improvising an accompaniment?
Because in some regions it was not appropriate for women to sing in public.
Why were castrati used in baroque music?
Eurydice
The earliest surviving Italian opera is
the audience can understand the lyrics better.
The choral music of an opera tends to be homophonic because
Because stories of contemporary life and events were not considered important enough for opera.
Greek legends or Roman history were usually used as stories upon which to base baroque operas. Why?
a type of musical shorthand that is written under or beside the bass line.
Figured bass is
the text of an opera
What is a libretto?
Italy
Jean-Baptiste Lully headed the group that created and supported a distinctive style of French opera. Where was Lully born?
Ancient Greek actors were the first to sing in the monodic style.
Which of the following statements about monody is not true?
Weimar
In 1708 Bach settled in , Germany, where he began his first major creative period.
centered on stories of unrequited love.
Many of Barbara Strozzi's secular cantatas
a four-part setting of a chorale melody.
J.S. Bach's cantatas usually conclude with
Cantatas are usually three hours in length.
Which statement is not true?
He was a well-known harpsichordist.
Which statement about J. S. Bach is not true?
Churches
Sacred cantatas were performed in which setting?
195
Of J.S. Bach's sacred cantatas, how many have been preserved?
Coffee Cantata
Which secular cantata was written by Johann Sebastian Bach?
They were more expensive to produce than operas
Which statement about early secular cantatas is not true?
J. S. Bach enhanced Luther's chorale melodies by resetting them into more complex compositions.
Which statement about Martin Luther's chorale melodies is true?
A Passion is written only for chorus. There are no soloists.
Which statement about a musical Passion is not true?
An oratorio is longer than a sacred cantata.
Which of the following is true of oratorio?
He studied to become a barber-surgeon.
What did Georg Friderich H�ndel not do when he was in Hamburg, Germany?
troubadour songs
The stories depicted in oratorios are enhanced by all of the following elements, except
The Roman Catholic Church wanted to teach religious subjects outside of the church and church masses.
What prompted the development of the dramatic oratorio?
Its parodic style and original story pleased audiences.
What effect did John Gay's The Beggar's Opera have on audiences?
A French overture is sometimes called a symphony orchestra.
Which statement about the French overture is not true?
Messiah was a failure when it was first performed.
Which statement about Handel's Messiah is not true?
King George II was so moved by the opening of the chorus that he stood up during its performance.
Why do people stand up when the "Hallelujah" chorus of Messiah is sung?
Actors
Which group of performers is not an element of an oratorio?
Vivaldi was one of the first composers to try to depict through music the feelings and sounds of the changing seasons.
What is the most notable aspect of Vivaldi's four concertos, Le Quattro Stagione?
sonnet.
Each of Vivaldi's four concertos, which together made up The Four Seasons, was preceded by a
Ritornello form
Which form, used in a concerto movement, includes short sections of orchestral music that are recurrent?
the contrasts between loud and soft.
Concertos developed out of the baroque interest in
He was an orphan
Which statement about Antonio Vivaldi is not true?
A small group of solo instruments that are contrasted with a full orchestra
What is a concertino?
A full orchestral ensemble
What is a ripieno?
There are usually three movements (fast-slow-fast).
Which statement best describes the movements of a baroque concerto?
bowed string instruments.
Early baroque orchestras were primarily made up of
A type of concerto in which a small group of solo instruments plays against a larger orchestra
What is the correct description of the concerto grosso?
Chopin
Who was NOT a master of the Viennese school?
1750-1825
The Classical period in music ranged from approximately:
The rise of public performances gave composers new venues to perform their works.
Of the following, which describes musical life in the Classical era?
strong rhythms, moving at a steady tempo
The concept of rhythmic regularity suggests:
the cadenza
In a classical concerto, ________ is placed somewhere toward the end of fast movements.
singspiel
Mozart's "Die Entfuhrung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio)" is an example of ________.
Piano, Violin, and Cello
A Piano Trio is written for what grouping of instruments?
Exposition, Development, Recapitulation
What are the three sections of a movement written in sonata form?
coda
In some sonata form movements, the ________ is added as an extended conclusion of the movement.
ABACA
Which letter scheme represents the Rondo Form?
Electric Flag, Chicago, & Blood, Sweat, and Tears
Which rock band played jazz rock?
fusion
Miles Davis's "Bitches Brew" is an example of what jazz style?
bebop
During the swing era which jazz style was anti-big band commercialism?
William Grant Still's "Afro-American Symphony
Which work was the first by an African-American to be performed by a major symphony orchestra?
1898-1937
What are George Gershwin's birth and death dates?
Louis Armstrong
Fletcher Henderson featured what famous trumpet player in his big band?
jazz, rock, and Indian
John McLaughlin's Mahavishnu Orchestra fused which styles of music?
Dave Brubeck Quartet
Which group used rondo and fugue forms to develop cool jazz?
saxophone
What instrument did Charlie Parker play?
trumpet
What instrument did Dizzy Gillespie play?
Ethnomusicologists
People who study world music are known as _____________.
Ellen Taaffe Zwilich
The first woman to win a Pulitzer Prize in music is ________.
Gamelan
The Indonesian term for a musical ensemble is ____________.
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
This musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber was more like a staged cantata.
operetta
American musicals developed from what European genre?
Titanic
Which film score is NOT composed by John Williams?
Camille Saint-Saens
Who is credited with composing the first original film score?
Wagner
Unity in film music through the use of leitmotifs was inspired by which nineteenth-century composer?
Folk Opera
Porgy and Bess" is and example of __________.
ragas
The melodic modes used in Indian music are called_________
the French Revolution
Beethoven belonged to a generation of artists who were influenced by the full impact of:
Beaumarchais
What was the name of the playwright who wrote "La Folle Journ?e, ou Le Mariage de Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro)" of which Mozart based his opera "Le Nozze di Figaro?
cyclic form
The unification of a symphony with a musical idea that appears in each movement is referred to as __________.
trombone
What instruments are included in Beethoven's "Symphony No. 5" but not in Mozart's "Symphony No. 40"?
Sound is produced on a piano by hammering rather than plucking the strings.
What is the fundamental difference between a piano and a harpsichord?
trouser or pants role
When a female singer plays the role of a young man, this is called a ______________.
opera
In which genre was Beethoven least prolific?
Idomeneo
Which of these operas is an example of Opera seria?
is composed for the appreciation of the musical sound.
Absolute music
Jane Austen Novels
Which of the following literary sources was NOT used by Liszt as the basis for his symphonic poems?
Non-liturgical German texts from the Lutheran Bible
What type of text did Brahms use for A German Requiem?
Four brass bands
Of the extremely large musical forces Berlioz wrote for in his Requiem, which of the following musical group specifically represents the summons to the Last Judgment?
A composer at the National Conservatory of Music in New York introduced him to African American spirituals.
How did Dvor�k become familiar with African American spirituals?
Johannes Brahms
Which composer disagreed with the popular romantic notion that literature, the visual arts, and philosophy should be united with music?
Beethoven
Which symphonic composer influenced all of the early romantic composers?
Brahms
If Schubert was the outstanding symphonist of the beginning of the romantic period, _______________ deserves that honor
for the latter part of the century.
leitmotifs
Melodies or melodic fragments used to identify particular characters, objects, or ideas are called_____.
all of the above.
National styles of opera developed in:
verismo
The late Romantic Italian opera tradition was characterized by a movement toward realism called:
grand opera
The most popular version of French opera during the 19th century was______________.
Rienzi
Wagner's first operatic success was a grand opera entitled:
Milan
La Scala, the famous opera house where Verdi's operas were performed, is in what city?
Egypt and Ethiopia
In Aida the two contries at war are___________ and ____________.
bel canto
What opera style emphasizes beauty, purity of tone and an agile vocal technique.
verismo
In La Boh�me, the final scene is a poignant example of the ___________ type of opera.
12
How many symphonic poems did Liszt compose?
Otello
Which of these operas are based on a Shakespeare play?
European mainland
During the 19th century, the majority of immigrants to America came from where?
Romantic
Amy Beach composed in what musical tradition?
12
How many bars (measures) are in a blues harmonic progression?
polyrythms
Several distinct rhythm patterns being played at the same time are called__________.
third and seventh
To give a relaxed effect, blues singers lower what notes of the scale?
there is no improvisation
Why is Ragtime not technically considered jazz?
popular music
Stephen Foster wrote primarily what kind of music?
big band
What kind of jazz is Duke Ellington known for?
program symphony
Symphonie fantastique is a ________ in five movements.
three
Beethoven's career is often divided into ___________ periods
ragtime, blues, jazz
African-American music forms the roots of which of these popular American musical styles?
Symphony No. 9
The "Ode to Joy" is the finale to Beethoven's: