A social policy that calls for equal access to housing for people with disabilities reflects the _____ model of defining disability
ecological
Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, all employers are prohibited from discriminating against people with disabilities.
TRUE
The Americans with Disabilities Act defines disability on the basis of
functional impairment
There is evidence of higher rates of disability among
the poor, the elderly, and people of color
Disability coverage was excluded from the original Social Security Act.
TRUE
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act required that states _____ for children with disabilities
develop "individualized education plans
Between 1990 and 1996, the number of people who received SSI due to addiction increased nearly tenfold. Some of this increase happened because _____.
states transferred addicts onto SSI
The national workers' compensation program was established during the Progressive Era.
TRUE
In the Olmstead decision, the Supreme Court held that
inappropriate institutionalization of a person with disabilities constitutes discrimination
The prevalence of disability in the United States has risen in the past four decades. This is primarily due to
rising rates of disability among young adults
Under the guise of moral reform, prisoners in early penitentiaries were subjected to
tight discipline
During Colonial times, criminals might be subjected to _____, or lectures from the judge, often in public and typically including a public confession and a promise to reform.
admonitions
Community policing seeks to establish a collaborative relationship between residents and police around a range of issues.
TRUE
During the period of rising incarceration, arrest rates for all but _____ held steady or declined
drug crimes
In today's juvenile justice system, youth of color are more likely to be arrested, more likely to be charged, and more likely to be detained.
TRUE
One of the concerns about the current victim-inclusion trend is that it will
interfere with the rights of defendants
The cost of _____ in the United States is estimated at $60 billion a year.
mass incarceration
Citing "evolving standards of decency," the Supreme Court held, in the 2005 case of _____, that the Constitution bars capital punishment for crimes committed before the age of 18.
Roper v Simmons
The Uniform Crime Report is a nationally representative survey of 90,000 households (about 160,000 people) about the number and nature of victimizations individuals have experienced during the prior six months.
FALSE
The purpose of the first juvenile court was to
reduce the stigma associated with juvenile crime
Racial categories are
socially constructed
President Lincoln's primary goal in pursuing the Civil War was to
preserve the Union
Most states have not yet passed race-based hate statutes.
TRUE
Market theorists argue that racism will disappear because it is
inefficient
Japanese immigrants' experiences of the 19th century differed from the earlier experiences of Chinese immigrants in that the Japanese _____.
government monitored immigrant experience
Race-based differences in median household income are attributable to
all of these choices
When was Brown v. Board of Education decided by the Supreme Court?
1954
Proposals for using only English surfaced in the U.S. as early as 1780.
FALSE
Under current law impacting Native Americans in the United States, _____.
tribal lands are held in trust by the federal government
According to a recent census, which ethnic group had the highest 2014 household income in the United States?
Asian/Pacific Islander
The Employment Nondiscrimination Act (ENDA) _____.
would prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
Proponents of anti-gay initiatives have argued that _____.
homosexuality is unnatural and poses a threat to children
Advocates for the rights of transgendered individuals propose the inclusion of the phrase _____ in antidiscrimination statutes.
gender identity or expression
In some states, a homosexual cannot adopt the biological child of his or her partner.
TRUE
In the 1986 Bowers v. Hardwick case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that _____.
the right to privacy does not apply to homosexual conduct
The purpose of Colorado's Amendment Two was to _____.
repeal laws protecting homosexuals from discrimination
A majority of commercial health insurance plans have "transgender _____" that deny coverage for medical care related to _____.
exclusions; gender variation
Which statement about the current status of GLBT individuals in the military is most accurate?
Although GLBT individuals can serve openly, there are few protections for trans people
Civil unions must be recognized by all states.
FALSE
Alfred Kinsey estimated that about _____ of women engage in sex primarily with same-gender partners for part of their lives.
7
The _____ decision set the stage for efforts to desegregate schools in the United States.
Brown v. Board of Education
Prior to the 20th century, there were no laws prohibiting child abuse in the United States.
TRUE
The unionization of factory workers created the nation's first organized constituency for _____.
free public education
Aries argued that European social attitudes towards childhood changed during the 17th century. What evidence does he provide to support this claim?
All of these choices support this claim
The _____ was the first organization of its kind in the world, and it spearheaded an anticruelty movement that spread throughout the U.S. and Europe.
NYSPCC
Most African American children who are available for adoption _____.
were removed from their families by child welfare officials
African American children are _____ to be murdered as children of other races.
more than twice as likely
Since their inception, lotteries have come to provide a substantial portion of some states' education budgets.
FALSE
In 2013, about _____ students aged 12 to 18 reported that they had been bullied at school�generally through ridicule, name-calling, or insults.
one in five
Teenage pregnancy rates have been _____ in the United States since 1991.
decreasing
Which organizations opposed the Equal Rights Amendment?
The League of Women Voters
Margaret Sanger used feminist arguments in her campaign for greater access to birth control.
FALSE
Opponents of women's suffrage argued that _____.
all of these
In the gender rating practiced by health insurance companies, women are _____.
charged higher rates based on their gender
Roe v. Wade restrictions on late-term abortions reflected _____.
a compelling state interest in protecting life and a concern about the point at which a fetus becomes viable
The battered women's movement _____.
began during the 1970s
Which law has provided remedies for discrimination against women?
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974
Under current law, women may serve in military combat roles but are not subject to the draft.
TRUE
More than a third of divorced parents with children received no child support in 2002.
TRUE
NASW reports that the majority of their members are _____ and, yet, most of them get paid less than _____.
women; men
Physician assisted suicide ____________.
was first legalized in Oregon
At _____ years of age, Americans are eligible to participate in programs funded under the Older Americans Act.
60
The organization once known as Americans for Generational Equity (AGE) advanced the idea that _____.
Many social and economic problems are due to the growing elderly population
Sometimes called the nation's most effective antipoverty program, _____ keeps nearly half of the U.S. elderly population out of poverty.
Social Security
Older adults in the United States today face a higher risk of poverty, as compared to their parents.
falsr
By 1904, elders in need of care made up the majority of residents in almshouses.
TRUE
The number of deaths in U.S. hospitals has _____ since the 1980s.
decreased
Which statement is true under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)?
all
In 19th-century America, indigent elders were ranked among the unworthy poor.
FALSE
Between 1930 and 2000, the fastest-growing subgroup of the U.S. elderly population comprised people of age _____.
75 and older
ADEA prohibits age discrimination in all areas of employment.
TRUE
Wages are not regulated in the United States.
TRUE
Women have a "right to work" in the United States.
TRUE
In globalization, _____.
the power of national governments is generally decreased, as compared to the power of corporations
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) of 1988 requires that employers with _____.
more than 100 employees give advance notification of mass layoffs
The passage of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is largely attributed to the efforts of the _____.
National Women's Party
Under ERISA, survivor's benefits must be paid to all widows of deceased workers who had pension coverage
TRUE
The Family and Medical Leave Act _____.
provides up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for serious illness, birth or adoption
Generally, during recessions, wages fall faster than does the gross domestic product.
TRUE
Under U.S. labor policy, pension benefits are more strictly regulated than are welfare benefits.
FALSE