The variable that we expect to change as a result of our manipulation is called the
dependent variable
Psychologists in the area of _______ concentrate on workplace design, man-machine interaction, and physical fatigue
human factors
in general, the majority of the research comparing college student samples with actual employee samples conclude that college students behave _______ real world samples
different than
hypothesis are based on
logic, theories, and previous knowledge
Which of the following research methods can determine a cause and effect relationship
experimental method
If a researcher calculated a correlation coefficient of r = 1.27 between two variables, you would conclude that there is a
error in the calculation
Regardless of the official start date, I/O psychology was born in the:
early 1900s
Which of the following will increase the response rates to mailed surveys
all will increase rates
I/O Psychology is a branch of psychology that _____ in the workplace
applies the principle of psychology
What field research gains in _______ it loses in _______
external validity/ control
_______ is a method of reaching conclusions based on the statistical combination of several previous research studies.
meta analysis
A(n) _______ is an educated prediction about the answer to our research question
hypothesis
If I went through my employee files to determine what type of person makes the best employee, I would probably be conducting:
archival research
A _____ implies that each person in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
random sample
A teacher wants to see if there are any differences in the test scores of students who take her exam on the computer and those who take her exam the traditional paper and pencil way. Students with an odd digit at the end of their student ID number are req
convenience/ random assignment
The main difference between a quasi-experiment and an experiment is that the independent variable
manipulated in an experiment
Which of the following contain articles usually written by professional writers who have little expertise in a given field?
magazine
most powerful research method is
experimental method
The main difference between a quasi-experiment and an experiment is that the independent variable:
manipulated in an experiment
Changes in employee behavior that result from an employee being studied or receiving increased attention from mangers is called the:
hawethorne effect
The majority of research in the field of I/O psychology is conducted at universities using students as subjects rather than employees. In fact, college students serve as subjects in approximately ____ percent of all published I/O research
85%
In an experiment designed to test the effect of noise on employee performance, noise is the ______ and employee performance is the ______.
independent/ dependent
The statistical significance of research results tell us the probability that
our results were due to chance
A researcher finds a strong correlation between job satisfaction and performance. What can he conclude from this correlation?
Satisfaction and performance are related
the Harvard Business Review is an example of a
bridge publication
The _____ were a husband and wife team who were among the first scientists to improve productivity and reduce fatigue by studying the motions used by workers.
gibreths
To get accepted into a Ph.D. program in I/O psychology, you need a GRE score of about _____ and a GPA of about ______.
1,200/3.50
the greatest number of Ph.D. I/O psychologists work in:
universities
Researchers at IBM think that employees who get to choose their own working hours will be more satisfied than those who do not. To test this idea, IBM employees at the Dallas facility are told that they can chose their own hours. Six months later, the sat
control group
Most research in industry uses a _____ sample.
convenience sample
The first step in evaluating a job is to decide what factors differentiate the relative worth of jobs. These are called _______factors.
compensable job
The _______ is the process of determining the work activities and requirements, and the _______ is the written result.
job analysis / job description
After conducting a job evaluation we find that Bob is underpaid by $2,000 and Bill is overpaid by $2,000. We would probably
give Bob a raise and leave Bill's salary alone
Job analysis can serve as a foundation for
selecting employees
training employees
evaluating employee performanc
The ___ is an excellent job analysis method for obtaining the physical abilities needed to perform a job
F-JAS
Which of the following is not true of job titles?
titles provide workers with identity,
Titles should describe the nature of a job,
Job titles can affect perceptions of job status
Andre is completing a questionnaire containing 400 items covering five major categories:tools and equipment, perceptual and physical requirements, mathematical requirements communication requirements, and decision making and responsibility. Andre is using
Job Components Inventory
Job analysis interviews are conducted to determine:
information about the job itself
Generating examples of good and bad performance, and categorizing these examples based on their similarities and differences with other examples, best defines which job analysis method?
Critical incident technique
According to the author, the section of a job description which contains the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics necessary to be successful on the job is labeled ______; the section containing a list of tasks and activities in which t
job competencies/ work activities
Creating a list of tasks that are thought to be involved with a job, and having job incumbents rate the tasks on scales such as frequency of occurrence and importance, best defines which job analysis method?
Task analysis
A specialized job analysis interview that uses groups and focuses on objectives is:
the Ammerman technique
The issue of comparable worth is often less an issue of pay discrimination than one of ________ discrimination.
vocational choice
Informal changes that employees make in their jobs is called
job crafting
In job evaluation, compensable factors would be associated with determining _____, whereas salary surveys would be associated with determining ________.
internal equity/external equity
The best method(s) to use in analyzing a job appears to be:
. dependent on how the information will be used
Gertrude is writing job descriptions and can't decide whether she should include "getting coffee for the boss" as a task. Her decision is related to the issue of:
formal vs. informal requirements
A job analysis is typically conducted by:
the human resource department
Promoting people until they reach their highest level of incompetence is called
the Peter Principle
Which of the following sections in a thorough job description can be used in help wanted advertisements, internal job posting, and company brochures?
Brief summary
Level of responsibility, mental demands, and education requirements would be potential ________factors
compensable job
Which of the following is another name for a job competency
KSAOs
_______ was the first real court case that addressed the issue of job relatedness.
Griggs v. Duke Power
Even though the _______ are not law, courts have granted them "great deference.
Uniform Guidelines
the gathering, analyzing, and structuring of information about a job s components, characteristics, and requirements is a process called:
job analysis
A job evaluation concerns the worth of the _______, not the worth of the _______
job / person
Which of the following is the most common method of conducting a job analysis?
Interview
Salary surveys are used to determine:
external equity
According to national statistics, the average salary for women in the U.S. is approximately ____ of the average salary for men.
80%
Which of the following practical uses of job analysis may discover lapses in organizational communication?
Organizational analysis
Unlike the Fourteenth Amendment, for an employment practice to be potentially illegal under the Civil Rights Act, the discrimination does not have to:
. be intentional
Which of the following is not an important factor in filing a complaint of age discrimination
you are at least 40
a younger person was hired to replace you
you were a good employee
When the courts make a decision, the decision becomes:
case law
Which of the following would be considered sexual harassment? _______ asking a(n) ______ coworker for a date.
Repeatedly / disinterested
in the 1989 case of Walker v. Secretary of the Treasury, a district court found that a darker skinned black illegally fired a lighter skinned black employee. Which of the following protected classes were at issue in this case?
color
All employees at Wally World Amusement Park are required to work on weekends because that is when 80% of the customers visit the park. Alex likes to go to church on Sunday morning and asks that he not have to work on Sunday. Must the park accommodate his
No, because going to church in the morning is a preference and he can go in the evening
Asking a coworker out on a date is sexual harassment if
both options must occur
either of the two options occurs
Though Congress did not provide a list of disabilities, it did define disability in part as "having a record of such impairment." Which of the following "disabilities" would qualify under this part of the definition?
recovering alcoholics
The EEOC usually handles alleged violations of:
federal laws
If ____ White applicants and ____ Black applicants were hired, adverse impact would occur.
15 of 50 / 2 of 25
Organizations have affirmative action plans for one of four reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of the four reasons?
Labor union agreement
If a job can only be performed by a person in a particular class, the requirement is considered
a BFOQ
Based on the Civil Rights Acts of 1866, 1964, and 1991 as well as the 14th Amendment, it is illegal to discriminate against a person based on race. According to Congress, all of the following are protected races except:
asian americans
african Americans
native american indians
The _______ is thought to be the most important piece of employment legislation since the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
Americans with Disabilities Act
If an employment practice results in adverse impact, the employer needs to demonstrate that the employment practice is ______ or exempt from adverse impact.
job related
Though Congress did not provide a list of disabilities, it did define disability in part as "being regarded as having such an impairment." Which of the following "disabilities" would qualify under this part of the definition?
severe burns
in determining if an employment decision is legal, the first question to ask is "does the employment practice directly refer to a member of a federally protected class? Which of the following is NOT a federally protected class?
sexual preference
In order for a case of discrimination to be investigated by the EEOC, the complaint must be filed within _____ days of the discriminatory act.
180
A test asking questions about sexual orientation or belief in God might be illegal due to:
invasion of privacy
Which of the following components of a sexual harassment policy would be illegal?
The punishment must be severe
With, ______, employees and the organization meet with a neutral third party who tries to help the two sides reach a mutually agreed-upon solution.
meditation
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects against discrimination for five classes. Which of the following is NOT one of these five protected classes?
Pregnancy
A supervisor offering a promotion in exchange for sex would fall under the ______ form of sexual harassment.
quid pro quo
The first step in the legal process is for some legislative body to
pass a law
Nagy Industries is considering reserving the best parking spots for employees who are 7 months pregnant. Is this legal?
Yes, pregnancy can be treated better than other short term disabilities
AT&G does not have any female employees. Ann Smith applied for a job as a machine operator. Though she did not obtain the minimum score of 40 on the machine operator test, AT&G plans to hire her as part of their new affirmative action plan. There are 10 m
. No, an applicant must be qualified to be given preference based on gender or race
English only" requirements at work are
are legal if they are job related
The "equal protection" clause of the Fourteenth Amendment mandates that no state may deny a person equal protection under the law. Because any suite filed under the Fourteenth Amendment must demonstrate ______, it is not often used.
intent
Based on the material presented in your text, which of the following is NOT an exception to the requirement of determining that an employment practice is job related?
National security
Bona fide seniority system
Veteran's preference rights
Jean is the 2nd highest paid employee at Reilly, Inc. She has worked there 3 years and wants to take 4 weeks of unpaid leave to have a baby. She gave the company 45 days notice but they rejected her request. Under the FMLA, the company can do this becaus
is a key employee