Module 3

Cell

The basic unit of structure and function in living things

cell theory

The theory that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells.

Robert Hooke

An English physicist who was the first person to observe cells

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

a Dutch businessman who was the first to observe living cells in a drop of pond water with a simple microscope

Matthias Schleiden

German botanist who concluded that all plants are made of cells

Thedore Schwann (1839)

A German zooglist who introduced the idea that animals are made up of cells

Rudolf Virchow

a German physician who was the first to introduce the idea that all cells are created from other preexisting cells

cellular differentiation

Process that creates different types of specialized cells

Organ

Different kinds of tissues that function together

organ system

different organs working together

Organism

A living thing

stem cells

special cells that can differentiate into more specific types of cells

Tissue

a group of cells that work together to perform a function

Capsid

The protein shell of a virus that surrounds it genetic material

host cell

A living cell that is infected with a virus

lysogenic cycle

The process some viruses useto reproduce where the viralDNA is incorporated into thehost DNA to be replicated bythe cell.

Lyric cycle

the process that some viruses use to reproduce where the host DNA is immediately destroyed to make new viruses

viral envelope

a layer of lipids similar to a cellular membrane that surrounds the capsid of some viruses

Virus

A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.