Cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
Cell theory
Theory that all living organisms are composed of units called cells, that cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living organisms, and that all cells come from other living cells
Robert Hooke
An English physicist who was the first person to observe cells using one of the first light microscopes; gave cells their name
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
A Dutch businessman who was the first to observe living cells in a drop of pond water with a simple microscope
Matthias Schleiden
A German botanist who was the first to introduce the idea that all plants are made up of cells
Theodor Schwann
A German zoologist who introduced the idea that animals are made up of cells
Rudolf Virchow
A German physician who was the first to introduce the idea that all cells are created from other preexisting cells
Cellular differentiation
Process that creates different types of specialized cells
Organ
Different types of tissue that work together to perform a function
Organ system
Different organs that work together to carry out a function
Organism
A complete living thing, whether unicellular or multicellular
Stem cells
special cells that can differentiate into more specific types of cells
Tissue
A group of cells that work together to perform a function
Capsid
The protein shell of a virus that surrounds nits genetic material (either RNA or DNA)
Host cell
A living cell that is infected with a virus
lysogenic cycle
The process some viruses use to reproduce where the viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA to be replicated by the cell
Lytic cycle
the process that some viruses use to reproduce where the host DNA is immediately destroyed to make new viruses
Viral envelope
a layer of lipids similar to a cellular membrane that surrounds the capsid of some viruses
Virus
A tiny particle that contains RNA or DNA and can infect or kill living cells; generally not considered to be a living organism