Origin
Proximal, towards the center of the body (immobile)
Insertion
Distal away from the body, mobile
Agonist
The muscle most directly involved about bring a movement
Antagonist
The muscle that can slow down or stop the movement
Synergist
The muscle that indirectly assists a movement
Mechanical Advantage
Muscle Force/Resistive Force is >1.
Mechanical Disadvantage
Muscle Force/Resistive Force is <1
Class I Lever
MF and RF act on opposite sides of the fulcrum. Ex: Tricep Extension
Class II Lever
MF and RF act on the same side of the fulcrum, but the MF is > than the RF (Mechanical Advantage). Ex: Calf Raise
Class III Lever
MF and RF act on the same side of the fulcrum, but the RF is > than the RF (Mechanical Disadvantage) Ex: Bicep Curl
When the patella is inserted into the knee joint it increases the moment arm from the fulcrum. The longer the moment arm, the greater mechanical advantage will be present.
Explain how patella insertion alters mechanical advantage
Saggital, Frontal, Transverse
Explain different anatomical planes of the body
Mass X Acceleration (Measure in Newtons)
What is the force equation?
Work/ Time (Power= Watts, Time= Seconds)
What is the power equation?
Force X Displacement (Work= Joules, Distance= Meters)
What is the work equation
Eccentric Muscle Actions
What is negative work/power?
The degree to which a force tends to rotate around an object about a specified fulcrum
Define torque
Torque X Angular Displacement
What is the Rotational Work Equation?
Load lifted/ BW^2/3
What is the classic load formula