Germ layer derivatives, Embryology Germ Layer Derivatives - BR

Which germ layer has two major divisions?

Ectoderm

What are the two divisions of the Ectoderm?

Surface Ectoderm and Neuroectoderm

What are the structures that arise from the Surface Ectoderm (4)?

epidermis and its derivativesDental enamelspecial sense organsanterior pituitary gland

What are the two divisions of the Neuroectoderm?

Neural tube and Neural crest cells

What structures arise from the neural tube (4)?

CNSposterior pituitarypineal glandretina

What structures arise from the neural crest cells (8)?

spinal (DRG) gangliaautonomic ganglianeurolemma of peripheral nervesarachnoid and pia matermedulla of suprarenal glandmelanocyteshead and neck structures derived from mesenchymeoutflow tract of heart (aorta, pulmonary trunk)

What germ layer gives rise to three major divisions?

Mesoderm

What are the three divisions of the mesoderm

paraxial mesodermintermediate mesodermlateral mesoderm

What structures arise from the paraxial mesoderm (4)?

boneCT associated w/ skeleton (ligaments, cartilage, fascia)muscledermis

What structures arise from the intermediate mesoderm (2)?

organs and ducts of urinary systemorgans and ducts of respiratory system

What structures arise from the lateral mesoderm (5)?

Cardiovascular systemlymphatic systemstroma of organsmembranes lining body cavitiescortex of suprarenal gland

Which germ layer doesn't have any divisions and is only one layer?

endoderm

What structures arise from the endoderm (4)?

epithelium of respiratory systemepithelium of digestive systemepithelium of bladder and urethraparenchyma of liver, pancreas and other glands

What subcategories does the ectoderm germ layer divide into?

Surface Ectoderm & Neuroectoderm (neural tube & neural crest cells)

Epidermis + derivatives: hair, nails, cutaneous glands, mammary glands

Surface Ectoderm

Dental enamel

Surface ectoderm

Special sense organs - eyes & ears

surface ectoderm

anterior pituitary gland

surface ectoderm

CNS

Neural Tube

Retina

Neural tube

Pineal gland

Neural tube

Posterior pituitary gland

neural tube

Spinal ganglia

Neural crest cells

Auto ganglia

Neural crest cells

neurolemma of peri.. nerves

Neural crest cells

arachnoid + pia

Neural crest cells

Medulla of supraneal gland

neural crest cells

melanocytes

neural crest cells

head + neck structures derived from mesenchyme

neural crest cells

What subcategories is the Mesoderm germ layer divided into?

Paraxial Mesoderm, Intermediate Mesoderm, Lateral Mesoderm

Bone

paraxial mesoderm

connective tissue associated with skeleton - cartilage, ligaments, fascia

paraxial mesoderm

muscle

paraxial mesoderm

dermis

paraxial mesoderm

organs + ducts of urinary system

intermediate mesoderm

organs + ducts of reproductive system

intermediate mesoderm

cardiovascular system: blood cells

lateral mesoderm

lymphatic system

lateral mesoderm

stroma of organs

lateral mesoderm

membranes lining body cavity

lateral mesoderm

cortex of supraneal gland

lateral mesoderm

epithelium of respiratory system

endoderm

epithelium of digestive system

endoderm

epithelium of bladder + urethra

endoderm

parenchyma of liver, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, tonsils, and thymus

endoderm