Unit 1 lesson 1

Cell

the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms

Organism

Any living thing that carries out its own life process

Robert Hooke

First to describe cells,he looked at the bark of a cork tree under a microscope

Cells

Are small because their size is limited by their outer surface area

Cells, nutrients, wastes

________ get too large, they cannot take enough _____________ or get rid of _________

Cell theory

1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells2. The cell is the basic unit of all organisms3. All cells come from existing

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

First to describe living cells

Matthias Schleiden

Who concluded that all plants are made of cells

Theodor Schwann

Determined that all animal tissues are made of cells

Rudolf Virchow

Proposed that cells could form only from the division of other cells

unicelluar organisms

Organisms made up of just one cell are called

Multicellular organisms

Made up of more than one cell are called

Cell membrane

A protective layer that covers the cell's surface and controls materials moving into and out of the cell.

cytoplasm, nucleus

Is the region inside the cell that includes the fluid and all the organelles except for the ___________

Organelle

Small body in the cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function.

Nucleus, contains DNA

Is a membrane bound organelle that ___________ ____

DNA

Is a genetic material that provides instructions for all cell processes.

Prokaryotes

Single-called organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Prokaryotes, Ribosomes

DNA is in the cytoplasm. They have organelles without cell membranes called ___________

Prokaryotes, Flagella

Have hairlike structures called __________ that help them move

Eukaryotes

Organisms made up of cells that contain DNA in a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and ribosomes

Animals, plants, protists, and fungi

What are four examples of eukaryotes?

Multicellular, unicellular

Most eukaryotes are ________________ but some are ____________