absorption
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood
bile
A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.
chyme
mixture of enzymes and partially-digested food
Enzyme
A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
gastric juices
made up of enzymes and hydrochloric acid aid in the beginning of food digestion
Macronutrients
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Mastication
the process of chewing
Bolus
A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva
Metabolism
the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials
Micronutrient
vitamins and minerals
Peristalsis
the process of wave-like muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along
Villi
Small fingerlike projections on the walls of the small intestines that increase surface area
gastrointestinal tract
The stomach and intestine as a functional unit.
feces
solid wastes; stool