Digestive system Vocabulary

Absorption

the process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.

Bile

a bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

Chyme

the pulpy acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.

Enzyme

a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

Gastric Juices

a thin, clear, virtually colorless acidic fluid secreted by the stomach glands and active in promoting digestion.

Macronutrients

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Mastication

the process of chewing

Bolus

a small rounded mass of a substance, especially of chewed food at the moment of swallowing.

Metabolism

the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

Micronutrient

vitamins and minerals

Peristalsis

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

Villi

Small fingerlike projections on the walls of the small intestines that increase surface area

Gastrointestinal Tract

the structures of the digestive system

Feces

solid wastes; stool