post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
traumatic experience, withdrawn, hypervigillent, flashbacks, suicide risk, comobridiies, substance abuse, depression.
PTSD treatment
Medication, antidepressants, treat symptoms, counseling 1st line, relaxation techniques.
anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by an obstinate and willful refusal to eat, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of being fat
Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms
Over exercising, hyper focused on weight, altered view of body.Lanugo, low bp
Nuclear family:
Mother, father and children living as a unit
Single-parent family:
a family in which only one parent lives with the child or children
Unmarried biological or adoptive family:
One or more children who live with two parents who are not married to each other and are biological or adoptive parents to all children in the family
Blended family:
consists of a biological parent, a stepparent, and the children of one or both parents
Cohabitating family:
Children living with one biological/adoptive parent and that parent's unmarried cohabitating partner.
Extended family:
household made up of several generations of family members
Other" family:
Children living with related or unrelated adults who are not biological or adoptive parents. This includes children living with grandparents and foster families.
Alcohol withdrawal: Symptoms
tremulousness, commonly called the shakes or the jitters, that begins 6 to 8 hours after alcohol cessation.
Mild to moderate alcohol withdrawal includes
agitation, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, impaired cognition, and mild perceptual changes. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases, as does pulse and body temperature
Alcohol withdrawal: Medication
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is useful for tremulousness and mild to moderate agitation.Ativan
alcohol withdrawal delirium
may happen anytime in the first 72 hours. Autonomic hyperactivity may result in tachycardia, diaphoresis, fever, anxiety, insomnia, and hypertension. Delusions and visual and tactile hallucinations are common in alcohol withdrawal delirium.Clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol revised protocol. Ativan, and libriuma
Disulfiram (Antabuse): Physical effects when alcohol is used
Intense nausea and vomiting, headache, sweating, flushed skin, respiratory difficulties, and confusion.Avoid all alcohol and substances such as cough syrup and mouthwash
Opioid withdrawal symptoms
Anxiety, irritability, chills and hot flashes, joint pain, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, confusion, pupillary dilation, and yawning
Battery
unlawful touching of another person without consent
assault
threat or attempt to injure
Grief: types of grief
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Denial
refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities
anger
a strong feeling of displeasure
Bargaining
Making a deal, in return for a cure, they will fulfill promises.
Depression
Sadness, regret, and pain settle in
Acceptance
Calm, if somewhat withdrawn, response
Lithium
Therapeutic: 0.8-1.4Maintenance: 0.4-1.3Toxic: >1.5
Transference
patient unconsciously and inappropriately displaces (transfers) onto the nurse feelings and behaviors related to significant figures in the patient's past
Countertransference
NURSE unconsciously displaces feelings related to significant figures in the nurse's past onto the patient.
Orientation
the getting to know you phase. First time the nurse and the patient meet and when the nurse conducts the initial interview. This is when the patient may begin to express thoughts, feelings, identify problems, and discuss realistic goals. Establishing rapport
Working
- gather further data, - identify problem solving skills/self esteem, - provide education about the disorder, - promote symptom management, - provide medication education, - evaluate progress Nurse and Pt identify and explore areas that are causing problems in pt's life.
Termination:
Summarize goals achieved in the relationshipDiscuss ways pt can incorporate new coping strategies learned into daily lifeReview situations that occurred during relationshipExchange memories, validating the experience for both nurse and pt and establish closure of that relationshipPlans for the future
Word salad
jumble of incoherent speech as sometimes heard in schizophrenia
Clang association
meaningless rhyming of words
Neologisms
Made-up words that typically have only meaning to the individual who uses them.
Echolalia
automatic and immediate repetition of what others say
Anhedonia:
inability to experience pleasure
Avolition:
lack of motivation
Asociality:
lack of interest in social interactions
affective blunting or flattening
restrictions in the range and intensity of emotional expression
Apathy:
a lack of feeling, emotion, or interest
Alogia:
A decrease in speech or speech content; a symptom of schizophrenia. Also known as poverty of speech.
persecutory delusions
beliefs of being targeted by others
grandiose delusions
beliefs that one holds special power, unique knowledge, or is extremely important
Erotomanic delusions
Believing that another person desires you romantically
nihlistic delusion
conviction that a major catastrophe will occur
somatic delusions
Believing that the body is changing in unusual ways
control delusion
Believing that another person, group of people, or external force controls thoughts, feelings, impulses, or behavior
referential delusions
irrational beliefs that events in everyday life have something special to do with oneself
Depersonalization:
A feeling of being unreal or having lost identity. Body parts do not belong or the body has drastically changed (e.g., a patient may see the fingers as being smaller or not theirs).
Derealization
the sense that one's surroundings are unreal or detached
Extrapyramidal side effect from medication (antipsychotics)
TD tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements) (TD), Akathisia (inability to sit still), Acute dystonia: severe spasm of tongue, neck, facedry mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia. Possible neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Body dysmorphic disorder:
a disorder characterized by the unrealistic perception of physical flaws
Somatic symptom disorders:
medically unexplainable symptoms
Dissociative identity disorder:
multiple personality disorder
illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
Preoccupation with and fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and reassurance. Symptoms here are very mild or non-existent
Fetishism:
A sexual disorder characterized by a sexual focus on objects that are intimately associated with the human body
Frotteurism:
urges to touch and rub against non consenting individuals
Exhibitionism:
a sexual disorder involving the exposure of one's genitals to a stranger.
Conduct disorder:
a persistent pattern of deviant behavior involving aggression to people or animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, or serious rule violations
Oppositional defiance disorder:
A pattern of negativistic, hostile, or defiant behavior.
Agnosia definition
inability to recognize objects
Apraxia
inability to organize movement
Aphasia
loss of speech
Antisocial personality disorder:
A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.
resilience
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma