Earth and Space Unit 1 Vocab.

Big Bang

The initial explosion that resulted in the formation and expansion of the universe

black hole

a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.

blue shift

the displacement of the spectrum to shorter wavelengths in the light coming from distant celestial objects moving toward the observer.

Lightyear

the distance light travels in a year

Nebula

A large cloud of dust and gas in space

neutron star

A star that has collapsed under its own gravity

nuclear fusion

a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy.

planetary nebula

a ring-shaped nebula formed by an expanding shell of gas around an aging star.

Prostar

A contracting cloud of gas and dust with enough mass to form a star

red shift

the change in the wavelength of light due to an object moving away from the observer.

Supernova

A gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space

white dwarf

A small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star

asteroid

a small rocky body orbiting the sun

comet

A ball of frozen dust and rock that orbits the sun and has a tail that glows

droppler effect

An observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving

electromagnetic

All of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation

Frequency

the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

gas giant

a planet that has a deep, massive atmosphere, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune

Meteoroid

A chunk of rock or dust in space

meteor

A streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth's atmosphere.

Terrestrial Planet

The name given to the four inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars

solar system

sun, planets, and all the other objects that revolve around the sun