provides glucose components and anti-insulin effects
cortisol's effects can be summarized as
stimulating gluconeogenesis
cortisol increases glucose by
proteins in mm, TGs in fat
cortisol increases glucose by breaking down stuff to give gluc components, such as
essential for contractions, excess = mm atrophy and weakness
cortisol's action in mm
decreases bone formation
cortisol's action in bone
retention of Na+ by kidney
main action of aldosterone
1. angiotensin II2. depletion of body Na+
2 main stimuli promoting aldo release
1. PNMT enzyme2. cortisol draining from cortex (induces conversion- cortisol parallels EPI)
conversion of NE to epi occurs thanks to 2 things
chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla
catecholamine synthesis and secretion occurs in the
serum epi = zeroserum NE = unchanged (from SNS neurons)
after an adrenalectomy, you would expect plasma epi and NE to be
A and B
EPI action is via ___ receptors
MM: increase serum lactateliver: convert glycogen/lactate to gluc (increase serum gluc)fat: increase serum FFApancreas: decrease serum insulin, increase serum glucagon
net effect of EPI on mm, liver, fat, and pancreas
insulin to decrease blood gluc
hyperglycemia stimulates release of ___ to ___
GH, glucagon, cortisol release. Cortisol induces conversion of NE to epi thru PNMT. All this increases blood-gluc
hypoglycemia stimulates ___ to ___