Properties of Water
A.) SolventB.) CohesionC.) Ionization
Solvent
Ability of dissolve things with a charge.SoluteSolution
Solute
Substance that will dissolve in water
Solution
Combination of a solute & solvent
Cohesion
H2O sticking together by forming Hydrogen Bonds
Adhesion
Water sticking to other things that have a charge.(the reason things get wet)
Ionization
Formation of Ions H+ Hydrogen Ion (Cation)H- Hydroxide Ion (Anion)
PH Scale
Acids PH 0-6 High[H+] & Low[OH-]Neutral PH 7 Equal [H+] & [OH-]Bases PH 8-14 Low [H+] & High [OH-]
Chemical Bonds
1.) Ionic Chemical Bond2.) Covalent Chemical Bond3.) Hydrogen Bond
Ionic Chemical Bond
Formed From Exchanging e-Produce Ions: Elements with a chargeCation: Positive Charge(Lost e-)Anion: Negative Charge(Gained e-)
Covalent Chemical Bond
Sharing ElectronsPolarNonpolar
Polar
Unequal Sharing of electronsBetween Diff elementsResult in charge separation
NonPolar
Equal sharing of e-Between same elementsNo separation in charges.
Hydrogen Bond
Hydrogen is in two bonds at one time1.) Polar Covalent Bond with oxygen or nitrogen2.) Hydrogen will bind to a negative element.
Atomic Structure
A.) ProtonsB.) NeutronsC.) Electrons
Protons
(P+)Atomic Number:the number of protons in an atom/element."Never Changes
Neutrons
Atomic Mass:the number of neutrons and protons in an atom or element"Can Change
Electrons
(e-)The number of electrons will equal the number of protons in an element that is NOT an ion.ex. Nitrogen Atomic number: 77p+ and 7e-