The indications for heat are
sub-acute or chronic inflammatory conditions, reduction of sub-acute or chronic pain, sub-acute or chronic muscle spasm, decreasedROM, hematoma resolution, reduction of joint contractures
The contraindications for heat are
acute injuries, impaired circulation, advanced arthritis, poor thermal regulation, neoplasm(tumor), thrombophlebitis(DVT deep vein thrombosis)
What are the local effects of heatapplication?
Vasodilatation, edema formation, removal of metabolic waste, analgesia & sedation of nerves, decreased muscle tone & spasm, increased rate of cell metabolism/ delivery of leukocytes/capillary permeability/ venous &lymphatic drainage/ increased elasticity of collagen rich tissues.
Name the indications for cold applications
acute injury or inflammation, acute or chronic pain & muscle spasm, small superficial 1ST degree burns, post surgical pain & edema, cryokinetics(ice for exercise),spasticity accompanying CNS disorder, neuralgi(hypersensitive nerve.)
Name the contraindications for cold applications
cardiac or respiratory involvement, uncovered open wounds, circulatory insufficiency, cold allergy/ cold induced urticaria, anesthetic skin, advanced diabetes, PVD(peripheral vasculardisease), lupus, cold induced MI(heart attack), Raynaud's phenomenon.
What are the local effects of cold application?
vasoconstriction, decreased rate of cell metabolism, decreased production of cellular waste, reduction in inflammation, decreased nerve conduction velocity/pain/muscle spasms and muscular force production.