Chapter 5

A(n) ___________ is NOT a hominoid

lemur

Ancient anthropoids began to have fewer offspring that required longer and more attentive care, which selected for

support from a social group

Anthropologists are most interested in the ________ era.

Cenozoic

Prehensile (grasping) tails are characteristic traits of

New World Monkeys

a possible Miocene common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans

The Pierolapithecus Catalaunicus is

The classification of organisms based on their relationships and resemblances is known as

Taxonomy

The earliest hominoid fossils are from the

Miocene

The earliest known primate skeleton was found in ________, supporting the view that the first primates evolved here.

Asia

Gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans

Great Apes

The largest (known) primate that ever lived is

Gigantopithecus

The only primates that are NOT endangered, or soon to be endangered, are

humans

The primate group __________ thrived in the Eocene

prosimians

The prosimians include

lemurs, tarsiers, and lorises

Which of these provides an example of analogies?

porpoise fins and fish fins

traits that organisms have inherited from a common ancestor.

Homologies

Coexisted with Homo erectus in Asia

Gigantopithecus

________ indicate(s) a shift from smell to sight as the primates' most important means of obtaining information.

Stereoscopic Vision

is NOT an adaptive trend in anthropoids

Decreased Sociality

the greatest threat to endangered primates

Deforestation

is/are used as a basis for assigning organisms to the same taxon

Homologies