cec/o
combining form for the first part of the large intestine
celiac
pertaining to the abdomen
peristalsis
muscular wave-like movement to transport food through the digestive system
pulp
part of the tooth that contains a rich supply of nerves and blood vessels
gingiv/o
combing form that means gums
pertaining to the cheeck
buccal means
hyperbilirubinemia
high blood levels of a pigment released by the liver with bile
common bile duct
carries bile into the duodenum
amylase
enzyme to digest starch
crohn disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
sphincter
ring of muscles
periodontist
specialist in gums
mouth
stomat/o means
labi/o
cheil/o means the same as
sialadenolithiasis
stone in a salivary gland
mesentery
membrane that connects parts of small intestine
colostomy
new opening from the large bowel to the surface of the body
steatorrhea
fats are improperly digested and appear in the feces
anorexia
lack of apetite
icterus
another term for jaundice
swollen twisted veins
esophageal varices are
diverticula
abnormal side pockets in a hollow organ, such as the intestine
intussusception
telescoping of the intestines
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
oral leukoplakia
white plaques on mucosa of the mouth
ileum
third part of the small intestine
pancreas
organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes
cecum
first part of the large intestine
gallbladder
small sac under the liver; stores bile
esophagus
tube connecting the throat to the stomach
colon
large intestine
duodenum
first part of the small intestine
pharynx
throat
belly, abdomen
lapar/o and celi/o both mean
tongue
gloss/o and lingu/o both mean
mouth
or/o and stomat/o both mean
lip
lab/i and cheil/o both mean
hepatomegaly
enlargement of the liver
etiology
study of the cause (of disease)
choledochotomy
incision of the common bile duct
palatoplasty
surgical repair of the roof of the mouth
postprandial
after meals
choledochojejunostomy
new opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
peritonitis
inflammation of the membrane around the abdomen
colitis
inflammation of the large intestine
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
sialadenitis
inflammation of the salivary gland
enterocolitis
inflammation of the small and large intestine
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
pancreatitis
inflammtaion of the pancreas
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
ileitis
inflammation of the third part of the small intestine
hemorrhods
swollen, twisted veins in the rectal region
cirrhosis
chronic liver disease resulting from alcoholism and malnutrition
ileus
failure of peristalsis
cholecystolithiasis
calculi in the sac the stores bile
peptic ulcer
sore or lesion of the mucous membrane in the stomach or duodenum
dysentery
painful, inflamed intestines often caused by bacterial infection
hepatitis
inflammation of the large bowel caused by type A, B, or C virus
ulcerative colitis
chronic inflammation of the large bowel with ulcers
diverticula
abnormal side-pockets in the intestinal wall
irritable bowel syndrome
group of goastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress, but without inflammation of the intestines
hematochezia
bright, fresh red blood in stools
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
diarrhea
loose, watery stools
flatus
gas expelled through the anus
steatorrhea
discharge of fat in the feces
melena
black, dark-brown, tarry stools
mesentry
membrane that holds the intestines together
sublingual
pertaining to under the tongue
hyperbilirubinemia
high levels of pigment in the blood (jaundice)
anastomosis
new connection between two previously unconnected tubes
emulsification
physical process of breaking down large fat globules into smaller parts
parotid gland
salivary gland near the ear
degulgitation
swallowing
amino acids
small substances that are produced when proteins are digested
bilirubin
pigment release by the liver in bile
pulp
soft inner tissue within a tooth containing nerves and blood vessels
villi
tiny microscopic projections in the walls of the small intestine
peristalsis
rhythm like contractions of the tubes of the alimentary tract
insulin
hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas
common bile duct
this tube carries bile from the liver and gallbladder into the duodenum
papillae
small nipple like elevations on the tongue
uvula
soft tissue hanging from the roof of the mouth
amylase
an enzyme that digests starch
mastification
chewing
glucose
simple sugar
hydrochloric acid
substance produced by the stomach and necessary for digestion of foods
feces
solid waste; stools
lipase
pancreatic enzyme necessary for digestion of foods
pyloric sphincter
ring of muscle at the distal region of the stomach
triglycerides
large fat molecules
steatorrhea
feces containing fat
nausea
unpleasant sensation from the stomach with tendency to vomit
flatus
gas expelled through the anus
anorexia
lack of appetite
hematochezia
bright, fresh, red blood from the rectum
constipation
difficult, delayed elimination of feces
melena
black, tary stools; feces containing blood
jaundice
yellow-orange coloration of the skin; icterus
borborygmus
rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas or fluid
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
diarrhea
loose; liquid stools
ascites
abnormal condition of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
periodontal disease
inflammation of degeneration of gums
volvulus
twisting of intestines upon itself
colonic polyposis
small benign growths protrude from the mucous membrane of the large intestine
gastroesophageal reflux disease
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
cholelithiasis
gallbladder calculi
viral hepatitis
inflammation of the liver; viral etiology
cirrhosis
chronic liver disease; etiology is often alcoholism and malnutrition
peptic ulcer
sore or lesion of the mucous membranes of the first part of the small intestines
anal fistula
abnormal tube like passage way in the distal end of the alimentary tract
dysentery
painful inflamed intestines; etiology is often bacterial
esophageal varices
swollen, torturous veins in the distal protion of the tube connecting the throat and the stomach
pancreatitis
inflammation of the gland behind the stomach
diverticulitis
inflammation of the small side-pockets in the intestine walls
ulcerative colitis
chronic inflammation of the large bowel with open sores of the mucous membrane
crohn disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum)
achalasia
failure of the LES muscle to relax
aphthous stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth with open sores
dental caries
tooth decay
jejunum
second part of the small intestine
pharynx
the throat
sigmoid colon
s-shaped portion of the large bowel
duodenum
first part of the small intestine
uvula
soft tissue hanging from the roof of the mouth
amylase
enzyme to digest starch
cecum
first part of the colon
ascites
collection of fluid on the abdominal cavity
intussusception
telescoping the intestines
postprandial
after meals
cholecystectomy
removal of the gallbladder
ileitis
inflammation of the third part of the small intestine
sialolithiasis
abnormal condition of salivary stones
enteric anastomosis
new opening between two previously unconnected parts of the intestines
palatoplasty
surgical repair of the roof of the mouth
proctologist
one who studies the anus and rectum
gluconeogenesis
formation of new sugar from fats and proteins
perstalsis
muscular wave like movement of gigestive tract walls
amino acids
substance produces when proteins are digested
dentin
major tissue composing teeth
defecation
removal of waste material from the body
absorption
passage of materials through villi into the blood
amylase
enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch
enamel
hard, outermost layer of a tooth
emulsification
process of breaking up large fat globules
glucose
simple sugar
bile
digestive juice made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
fatty acids
substance produced when fats are digested
palate
roof of the mouth
portal vein
blood vessel bringing blood to the liver
hydrochloric acid
chemical produced by the stomach to aid in digestion
insulin
hormone produced by the pancreas
incisor
one of the front teeth
protease
enzyme that digests proteins
LES
ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach
parotid gland
secretes enzymes into the mouth
rugae
ridges on the hard palate and wall of the stomach
pulp
soft tissue within a tooth
triglycerides
large fat molecules