Health
The state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Dynamic state in which individuals adapt to their internal and external environments.
Health behaviors
Actions that affect health, positive or negative
Health belief model pg.70
Addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors. It provides a way of understanding and predicting how clients will behave in relation to their health and how they will comply with health care therapies.
Health promotion model pg.71
Defines health as a positive, dynamic state, not merely the absence of disease. Describes the multidimentional nature of persons as they interact within their environment to persue health. 1) individual charcteristics and experiences, 2) behavior-specific
Basic human needs model pg. 72
Although each person has other unique needs, all people have basic human needs, and the extent to which basic needs are met is a major factor in determining a person's level of health. Physiological needs take over self-actualization.
Holistic health model
Attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health. Nurses using this process consider clients the ultimate experts regaurding their own health. Clients are involved in their healing process.
Variables influencing health
Internal and External
Internal
Developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, and emotional and spiritual factors.
External
Family practices, socioeconomic factors, and cultural background.
Health promotion
Activities, such as routine exercise and good nutrition, help clients maintain or enhance their present levels of health. Motivates people to act positively.
Wellness
Teaches people how to care for themselves in a healthy way and includes topics such as physical awareness, stress management, and self-responsibility. Help achieve new understanding and control of life.
Illness prevention
Immunization programs protect clients from actual or potential health threats. Motivates people to avoid declines in health or functional levels, and maintian optimal levels of health.
Passive strategies of health promotion
Individuals gain from the activities of others without acting themselves.
Active strategies of health promotion
Individuals are motivated to adopt specific health programs. (Weight reduction and smoking cessation)
Primary prevention
True prevention"- it precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to clients considered physically and emotionally healthy.
Secondary prevention
Focuses on people who are experiencing health problems or illness and who are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions; reduce severity and enable the client to return to a normal level.
Tertiary prevention
Occurs when a defect or diability is permanent and irreversable.; minimizes the effects of long therm disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing complications.
Risk factor
Any situation, habit, social or environmental condtion, physiological or phsycological condition, developmental or intellectual condition, spiritual, or other variable that increases vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident.
Health behavior change
A change of behavior relating to improving health that involves movement through a series of stages.
Illness
A person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impared compared with previous experience.
Acute illness
Has a short duration and is severe. Symptoms appear abruptly, are intense and shortly subside after a short period of time.
Chronic illness
Longer than 6 months, and can also affect functioning in any dimension. The severity of the disease may fluctuate.
Illness behavior
How people monitor thier bodies, define and interpret thier symptoms, take remedial actions, and use the health care system. Personal histroy, social norms and the opportunities or constraints od the community institutions can all affect behavior.
wellness
Dynamic state of health in which an individual progresses toward a higher level of functioning, achieving an optimum balance between internal and external environments.
tertiary prevention
Focuses on restoration and rehabilitation w/ the goal of returning the individual to an optimal level of functioning. rehabilitation rather than diagnosis and treatment