The vertebrae can be classified as a type of
Irregular bone
The sternum, a bone that is a site for hematopoiesis, is classified as a
Flat bone
The basic cells responsible only for the formation of bone matrix are
Osteoblasts
B in blasts = birth of bone matrix
About 3 weeks after fracture, an internal bridge of fibrous material, cartilage, and a immature bone joins bone fragments so that ossification can occur. The building of a "fracture bridge" occurs during the stage of bone healing known as
Callus formation
The hip and shoulder are examples of diarthroses joints that are classified as
Ball and socket joints
The primary energy source for muscle cells is
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Isometric contraction of the vastus lateralis is part of the exercises known as
quadriceps exercises
Patient education for musculoskeletal conditions for the aging is based on the understanding that there is a gradual loss of bone after a peak of bone mass at age
35 yo
By age 37 years, the average woman is susceptible to bone fractures and has lost about what percentage of cancellous bone?
40%
The removal of synovial fluid from a joint is called
Arthrocentesis
Adduction
Pulling down toward the midline of the body
Inversion
The act of turning the foot inward
Extension
The opposite movement of flexion
Rotation
Turning around on axis
Pronation
Turning the palms down
Protraction
Pulling the jaw forward
Abduction
Moving away from the midline
Circumduction
Conelike circular movement
Supination
Turning the palm up
Eversion
Turning the foot outward
The leading cause of disability in the US is
Arthritis
The most common musculoskeletal condition that necessitates hospitalization in those over 65 years of age is
Hip fractures
The approx. percentage of total body calcium present in the bones is
98%
In the human body, there are __________ bones.
206
Approx. ___________ mg of calcium daily is essential to maintain adult bone mass
150 mg
Red bone marrow is located in the shaft of four long and flat bones:
Sternum, ileum, vertebrae, ribs
The major hormonal regulators of calcium homeostasis are
Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
Ossification for major adult long bone fractures can take up to
4 months
The term used to describe the grating, crackling sound heard over irregular joint surfaces like the knee is
Crepitus
The fibrous membrane that covers the bone
Periosteum
These connect muscles to muscles
Ligaments
The contractile unit of skeletal muscle
Sarcomere
These attach muscles to bone
Tendons
Loss of bone mass common in postmenopasual women
Osteoporosis
A lateral curving deviation of the spine
Scoliosis
Excessive fluid within a joint capsule
Effusioni
Aspiration of a joint to obtain synovial fluid
Arthrocentesis