Sites/Buildings (Exam I)

Pueblo Bonito (year)

-c. 900-1150 AD

Tikal (year)

-settled: c. 600 BC
-peak: 550-750 AD

Tikal

-Maya city state
-conquered by Teotihuacan
-came to power when neighboring city declined

Teotihuacan

-most culturally influential civilization of Mesoamerica
-two great axes
-plazas
-ceremonial platforms
-stepped pyramids
-practiced human sacrifice

Teotihuacan (year)

200 BC - 750 AD

Teotihuacan (location)

Valley of Mexico

Tikal (location)

Guatemala

Pueblo Bonito

-largest of the 9 great houses in Chaco Canyon
-800 plus rooms

Pueblo Bonito (location)

Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Chaco Canyon

-intricate irrigation system
-extensive road system
-famous for masonry work

Mesa Verde

-cliff palace
-most famous cliff dwelling
-built by Anasazi

Mesa Verde (location)

-Colorado

Pyramid of the Sun

-tallest pyramid in Teotihucan
-buried children at corners of step level
-oriented platform towards summer solstice

Mesa Verde (year)

-600-1300

Pyramid of the Moon

-enlarged 6 times
-new buildings layered around old ones
-Teotihuacan

decline of Teotihuacan

-middle/lower class rebellion
-remained to be a model of architecture/urbanism

Viking Military Camp

-centralized plan
-very unlike organic Viking architecture
-longhouses emulated boe-shape of ships

Viking Military Camp (year)

981

Viking Military Camp (location)

Trelleborg, Denmark

Viking Military Camp (patron)

-Harold Bluetooth

Palatine Chapel

-still survives (1 of 15 buildings)
-imitates Justinian's church of San Vitale, Ravenna
-built for Holy Mother & child
-contains atrium (Roman tradition)

Palatine Chapel (year)

792-804

Palatine Chapel (location)

-Aachen, Germany

Palatine Chapel (architect)

Odo of Metz

Palatine Chapel (patron)

-Charlemagne

Plan of St. Gall

-outline of the rules of St. Benedict
-plan for the ideal monastery
-only architectural document that survives after fall of Roman Empire
-product of Carolingian Bureaucracy
-plan broken into zones for different activities/functions
-intended to serve as

Plan of St. Gall (year)

c. 830

Plan of St. Gall (location)

Switzerland

Skellig Michael

-hermetic monastery
-irish

Skellig Michael (year)

6th-11th centuries

Skellig Michael (location)

-County Kerry, Ireland
-island

Speyer Cathedral

-first vaulted nave since fall of Roman Empire
-originally built as a monastery church
-not built to Roman proportions (too stretched out)
-had crypt (burial place of patron and family)

Speyer Cathedral (year)

1027-1060

Speyer Cathedral (location)

Germany

Speyer Cathedral (patron)

Emperor Conrad

Cathedral Complex of Pisa

-Piazza dei Miracoli (Square of Miracles)

Cathedral Complex of Pisa (location)

Pisa, Italy

Pisa Baptistery (architect)

Diotisalvi

Pisa Baptistery

-dedicated to John the Baptist (statue on top)
-largest baptistery in Italy (circumference = 107 m)
-centimeters taller than campanile

Cathedral Complex of Pisa (year)

1063-1350

campanile (Cathedral Complex of Pisa)

-Leaning Tower of Pisa
-bell tower
-behind cathedral
-leans approximately 4 degrees off vertical

Ste. Foy

-Abbey Church of Saint Foy
-pilgrimage church (along the Way of St. James)
-resting place of St. Foy
-smallest pilgrimage church
-tympanum depicts last judgement

Ste. Foy (location)

-Conques, France

Ste. Foy (year)

1050-1130

Durham Cathedral

-eNORMous church
-incorporated essential elements of up-and-coming Gothic Style (pointed arch, flying buttress, rib vault)
-built in homage to St. Cuthbert
-features that become characteristic of Gothic architecture
-vaulting strategies by Norman builders

Durham Cathedral (year)

1093-1133

Durham Cathedral (location)

Durham, England

San Gimignano (location)

Italy

San Gimignano (begun)

begun in 10th century

San Gimignano

-house towers
-skyline that many towns in Italy once looked like
-13 house towers remain

the Campo (location)

Siena, Italy

Piazza del Campo (year)

c. 1300

the Campo

-dominated by Palazzo Publico (town hall)
-fan-shaped public square
-name from Campo = field
-left over space from joining 3 cities
-all buildings must compliment aesthetics of city hall
-9 wedges of different color pavement (3 for each of 3 cities)
-1 po

Monpazier

-typical "bastide

Medieval Urbanism

-nucleated towns
-linear organic
-maintained outline of amphitheaters (Florence)

San Gimignano house towers (year)

-12th to early 14th centuries AD

San Gimignano house towers

individual house towers that provided protection from enemies both within and out of the city

Monpazier (year)

1284

Monpazier (location)

France

Monpazier (patron)

English King Edward I

Siena (location)

Tuscany, Italy

Siena

-develops from 3 cities
-organically developed
-home of the Campo
-very well preserved due to massacre/economical depression

Chartres Cathedral labyrinth

-painted on floor
-symbolizes Christian equivalent of "path of enlightenment

Abbey Church of St. Denis (year)

1135-1144

St. Chapelle (year)

1242-1248

St. Chapelle (patron)

-King Louis IX
-declared saint of Catholic Church after death (St. Louis Missouri)
-mother was Queen Blanche

Abbey Church of St. Denis (Location)

Saint-Denis, France

Abbey Church of St. Denis

-abbey church
-first Gothic church
-large apse (known as "choir")
-buttresses
-clerestory
-emphasis on skeleton effect of structure (e.g. small columns; openness; bigger/more plentiful windows)
-many wanted to be buried here
-some original stained glass i

Abbey Church of St. Denis (Patron)

Abbot Suger (Soo-jay)
-wrote booklet to justify building such a fancy building

Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (Location)

Chartres, France

Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (year)

-1194-1230 (originally 1163)

Cathedral of Notre Dame - CHARTRES (Gothic)

-pronounced "shart"
-beginning of "High Gothic"
-rebuilding of Romanesque Notre-Dame
-rebuilt very quickly (great sense of uniformity)
-never finished
-made of hard limestone
-citizens volunteered to rebuilt it after fire
-regarded as greatest Gothic cath

Caenarvon Castle

Wales, Great Britain. Architect: Master James. Patron: King Edward I. 1283

Pueblo Bonito (year)

-c. 900-1150 AD

Tikal (year)

-settled: c. 600 BC
-peak: 550-750 AD

Tikal

-Maya city state
-conquered by Teotihuacan
-came to power when neighboring city declined

Teotihuacan

-most culturally influential civilization of Mesoamerica
-two great axes
-plazas
-ceremonial platforms
-stepped pyramids
-practiced human sacrifice

Teotihuacan (year)

200 BC - 750 AD

Teotihuacan (location)

Valley of Mexico

Tikal (location)

Guatemala

Pueblo Bonito

-largest of the 9 great houses in Chaco Canyon
-800 plus rooms

Pueblo Bonito (location)

Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Chaco Canyon

-intricate irrigation system
-extensive road system
-famous for masonry work

Mesa Verde

-cliff palace
-most famous cliff dwelling
-built by Anasazi

Mesa Verde (location)

-Colorado

Pyramid of the Sun

-tallest pyramid in Teotihucan
-buried children at corners of step level
-oriented platform towards summer solstice

Mesa Verde (year)

-600-1300

Pyramid of the Moon

-enlarged 6 times
-new buildings layered around old ones
-Teotihuacan

decline of Teotihuacan

-middle/lower class rebellion
-remained to be a model of architecture/urbanism

Viking Military Camp

-centralized plan
-very unlike organic Viking architecture
-longhouses emulated boe-shape of ships

Viking Military Camp (year)

981

Viking Military Camp (location)

Trelleborg, Denmark

Viking Military Camp (patron)

-Harold Bluetooth

Palatine Chapel

-still survives (1 of 15 buildings)
-imitates Justinian's church of San Vitale, Ravenna
-built for Holy Mother & child
-contains atrium (Roman tradition)

Palatine Chapel (year)

792-804

Palatine Chapel (location)

-Aachen, Germany

Palatine Chapel (architect)

Odo of Metz

Palatine Chapel (patron)

-Charlemagne

Plan of St. Gall

-outline of the rules of St. Benedict
-plan for the ideal monastery
-only architectural document that survives after fall of Roman Empire
-product of Carolingian Bureaucracy
-plan broken into zones for different activities/functions
-intended to serve as

Plan of St. Gall (year)

c. 830

Plan of St. Gall (location)

Switzerland

Skellig Michael

-hermetic monastery
-irish

Skellig Michael (year)

6th-11th centuries

Skellig Michael (location)

-County Kerry, Ireland
-island

Speyer Cathedral

-first vaulted nave since fall of Roman Empire
-originally built as a monastery church
-not built to Roman proportions (too stretched out)
-had crypt (burial place of patron and family)

Speyer Cathedral (year)

1027-1060

Speyer Cathedral (location)

Germany

Speyer Cathedral (patron)

Emperor Conrad

Cathedral Complex of Pisa

-Piazza dei Miracoli (Square of Miracles)

Cathedral Complex of Pisa (location)

Pisa, Italy

Pisa Baptistery (architect)

Diotisalvi

Pisa Baptistery

-dedicated to John the Baptist (statue on top)
-largest baptistery in Italy (circumference = 107 m)
-centimeters taller than campanile

Cathedral Complex of Pisa (year)

1063-1350

campanile (Cathedral Complex of Pisa)

-Leaning Tower of Pisa
-bell tower
-behind cathedral
-leans approximately 4 degrees off vertical

Ste. Foy

-Abbey Church of Saint Foy
-pilgrimage church (along the Way of St. James)
-resting place of St. Foy
-smallest pilgrimage church
-tympanum depicts last judgement

Ste. Foy (location)

-Conques, France

Ste. Foy (year)

1050-1130

Durham Cathedral

-eNORMous church
-incorporated essential elements of up-and-coming Gothic Style (pointed arch, flying buttress, rib vault)
-built in homage to St. Cuthbert
-features that become characteristic of Gothic architecture
-vaulting strategies by Norman builders

Durham Cathedral (year)

1093-1133

Durham Cathedral (location)

Durham, England

San Gimignano (location)

Italy

San Gimignano (begun)

begun in 10th century

San Gimignano

-house towers
-skyline that many towns in Italy once looked like
-13 house towers remain

the Campo (location)

Siena, Italy

Piazza del Campo (year)

c. 1300

the Campo

-dominated by Palazzo Publico (town hall)
-fan-shaped public square
-name from Campo = field
-left over space from joining 3 cities
-all buildings must compliment aesthetics of city hall
-9 wedges of different color pavement (3 for each of 3 cities)
-1 po

Monpazier

-typical "bastide

Medieval Urbanism

-nucleated towns
-linear organic
-maintained outline of amphitheaters (Florence)

San Gimignano house towers (year)

-12th to early 14th centuries AD

San Gimignano house towers

individual house towers that provided protection from enemies both within and out of the city

Monpazier (year)

1284

Monpazier (location)

France

Monpazier (patron)

English King Edward I

Siena (location)

Tuscany, Italy

Siena

-develops from 3 cities
-organically developed
-home of the Campo
-very well preserved due to massacre/economical depression

Chartres Cathedral labyrinth

-painted on floor
-symbolizes Christian equivalent of "path of enlightenment

Abbey Church of St. Denis (year)

1135-1144

St. Chapelle (year)

1242-1248

St. Chapelle (patron)

-King Louis IX
-declared saint of Catholic Church after death (St. Louis Missouri)
-mother was Queen Blanche

Abbey Church of St. Denis (Location)

Saint-Denis, France

Abbey Church of St. Denis

-abbey church
-first Gothic church
-large apse (known as "choir")
-buttresses
-clerestory
-emphasis on skeleton effect of structure (e.g. small columns; openness; bigger/more plentiful windows)
-many wanted to be buried here
-some original stained glass i

Abbey Church of St. Denis (Patron)

Abbot Suger (Soo-jay)
-wrote booklet to justify building such a fancy building

Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (Location)

Chartres, France

Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres (year)

-1194-1230 (originally 1163)

Cathedral of Notre Dame - CHARTRES (Gothic)

-pronounced "shart"
-beginning of "High Gothic"
-rebuilding of Romanesque Notre-Dame
-rebuilt very quickly (great sense of uniformity)
-never finished
-made of hard limestone
-citizens volunteered to rebuilt it after fire
-regarded as greatest Gothic cath

Caenarvon Castle

Wales, Great Britain. Architect: Master James. Patron: King Edward I. 1283