Display basic TCP/IP configuration, such as IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.
ipconfig
Display TCP/IP settings, including your Media Access Control (MAC) address, domain name system (DNS) server, and lease information.
ipconfig /all
Release your IP address
ipconfig /release
Renew your IP address
ipconfig /renew
Send four test messages to the IP address or host name you specify; verify whether the other system is up and running.
ping <IP address> or ping <host name>
Display TCP/IP protocol statistics and connection information. Can be used to see who is connected to your system; what ports are open; and if you use an -o switch, what the process ID is of the program that opened the port.
netstat
Troubleshoot NetBIOS over TCP/IP. For example, you can view a remote NetBIOS name table using ________.
nbtstat
Troubleshoot DNS problems. For example, you can get a listing of all the records in DNS using ______.
nslookup
Troubleshoot ARP. For example, you can use arp -a to view your Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache.
arp
View a list of running processes
Tasklist
Terminates a process when you supply the process id
Taskkill
______ examines your hard drive for
error conditions and reports the total size of the disk, how many files are stored there, and the space
remaining.
CHKDSK
______ is used to verify the integrity of the Windows system files
SFC ...
System File Checker
sfc /scannow
_____ ensures that all the system files are digitally signed.
File Signature Verification
sigverif
____ is useful when one or more routers exist between hosts. It sends a series of packets to each router that's in the path to the destination host in an effort to determine whether the router is performing slowly or dropping packets.
pathping
E.g....
pathping 192.168.1.1
______ utility arranges the clusters of
data on the hard drive to achieve better performance by placing all of the clusters for a given file
together in a contiguous order.
DEFRAG
Microsoft System Configuration Utility
MSCONFIG
Displays a list of all drivers on your PC.
driverquery
(driverquery -v will do the same, AND display a file path for you! WOOT.)
______ is a tool for displaying the route and measuring transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol network.
Tracert
_____ will build a detailed power consumption report for your PC, which is output to a directory indicated after the command finishes.
powercfg /energy
(MUST BE USING CMD AS ADMIN>!)
To copy a file from one folder to the next ..... the following code can be used: _________
COPY
____ will copy both files and folders from a directory path, as opposed to "COPY" that will only copy the files in the root folder indicated.
XCOPY
_____ is designed for reliable copy or mirroring while maintaining the permissions, attributes, owner information, timestamps and properties of the objects copied.
ROBOCOPY
_____ is usually called the help switch, to display detailed information about the command's syntax.
/?
Execute ____ from any directory to see the folder structure under that directory.
tree
Byte
Equal to 8 bits
Kilobyte
1024 Bytes, or 2^10 bytes
Megabyte
1024 KB, or 2^20 bytes
Gigabyte
1024 MB, or 2^30 bytes
Terabyte
1024 GB, or 2^40 bytes
Nibble
4 bits
Word
Depends on the CPU
(on a 32bit CPU=32 bits)
(on a 64bit CPU=64bits)
Maximum throughput of DDR3-1600?
12800 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR3-1333?
10600 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR3-1066?
8500 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR3-800?
6400 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR2-800?
6400 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR2-667?
5300 MBps
Maximum throughput of DDR2-533?
4200 MBps
Capacity of DVD, single side, single layer?
4.7 GB
Capacity of DVD, single side, double layer?
8.5 GB
Capacity of DVD, double side, double layer?
17.1 GB
Capacity of standard single layer Blu-ray?
25 GB
Capacity of standard dual-layer Blu-ray?
50 GB
Capacity of quad-layer Blu-ray?
100 GB
Voltage of the RED wire?
5V
Blue/green/purple wires are for .....
Negative or test voltages
Voltage of the Orange wire?
3.3V
Voltage of the Yellow wire?
12V
Transfer Rate - Thunderbolt 1
10Gbps
Transfer Rate - Lightning
480 Mbps
Telnet (used primarily before SSH)
TCP 23
BGP
179
SLP (Service Location Protocol)
TCP 427
UDP 427
SMB
TCP 445
UDP 445
Apple Filing Protocol
TCP 548
Explain volatile v. nonvolatile memory.
Volatile= Loses content when power is lost.
Nonvolatile= Does NOT lose content when powered off.
Explain Static v. Dynamic memory.
Dynamic RAM, or DRAM, is memory that must refresh hundreds of times per second.
Static Ram, or SRAM, doesn't need to be refreshed.
Explain Asynchronous v. Synchronous memory.
Asynchronous DRAM, or ADRAM, isn't synchronized to the system clock.
Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM, is tied to the system clock.
How many pins? DDR SDRAM in Desktops
184 pins!
How many pins? DDR2 SDRAM in Desktops
240 pins!
How many pins? DDR3 SDRAM in Desktops
240 pins!
How many pins? DDR4 SDRAM in Desktops?
288 pins!
How many pins? DDR SODIMM in Laptops (2 answers)
144 pins OR 200 pins!
How many pins? DDR2 SODIMM in Laptops
200 pins!
How many pins? DDR3 SODIMM in Laptops
204 pins!
How many pins? DDR4 SODIMM in Laptops?
260 pins!
How many pins? DDR MICRODIMM in Laptops
144 and 172
_____ is the method used to detect loss of memory in bits of data stored in memory.
Parity.
______ allows your computer to not only detect that an error has occurred, but also to correct that error.
E.C.C.
(Error Code Correction)
In PC3-10600 (DDR3 1333) what does the "10600" indicate?
The Bandwidth, or MAXIMUM throughput of 10600 MB.
In PC3-10600 (DDR3 1333) what does the "1333" indicate?
Front side bus speed of 1333 MHz!!
________ allows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the specified user.
su
______ lists information about files in the current directory (by default) or a specified directory.
ls
_____ is used to change the working directory to a specified directory.
cd
A ____________ is just another word used to describe a folder, or a specific point of a filepath.
Directory
_______ shows the name of the current directory.
pwd
***
pwd stands for "print working directory", NOT "PASSWORD"
***
_______ is used to rename files.
mv
***Note some important options for this command are -i and -n.
-i (interactive) prompts you before overwriting a destination file.
-n (noclobber) will NOT overwrite an existing destination file.
____________ is used to configure network interfaces for Linux servers and workstations. It is also used to view current TCP/IP configurations of a system.
ifconfig
_________ is used in Linux to configure WIRELESS network interfaces
iwconfig
________ displays processes run by the current shell with additional details. (Such as the PID)
ps
_______ copies and converts files to enable them to be transferred from one type of medium to another.
dd
A ________ is a user program or it's environment provided for user interaction.
SHELL (Basically a fancy word for a program's GUI in Linux)
The _______ is a number used by most operating system (Linux, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows) to uniquely identify an active process.
PID
Process ID (Process I.D. number)
_______ is a search tool for locating text within a file or a file within a directory.
grep
______ is used to change a users password.
passwd
______ is a command used to delete directories.
rm
*
"Remove"
*
__________ is used to close and safely shutdown a Linux system.
shutdown
__________ is used to copy files on a Linux system.
cp
___________ is a command that will allow a superuser to change permissions for a file.
chmod
("Change/Modify permissions")
______________ is used to install or upgrade packages through the internet.
apt-get
("Aptitude Package Manager")
_____________ is a command that acts as a text editor.
vi
__________ is a command that wil change the group, change the owner, or BOTH for a directory.
chown
("Change Owner")
__________ is a command that will allow a user to execute a command as a superuser (at the ROOT)!
sudo
A ______________________ is an integrated circuit that is usually built into the chipset that controls every USB device connected to it.
USB Host Controller
__________ is the newest generation of this technology we've discussed. The transfer rate is 10 Gbps.
USB 3.1
If a technician needs more USB ports on a system, they have the option to use ________________________.
A USB expansion card.
A USB host controller can support __________ devices.
127
A _________________ is a device that expands one USB port to two or more USB ports.
USB Hub
_______________, an older technology than USB, contains 4, 6, or 9 pins.
IEEE1394
Firewire can daisy chain __________ devices in series.
63
Other than transfer rate, what does IEEE1394b offer that IEEE1394a does not?
It can carry voltage!
_______________ is a port that taps into the PCIe to improve performance.
Thunderbolt
Thunderbolt 3 uses a ___________ connector.
USB Type-C
A ________________ utilizes human biology to authenticate a user.
Biometrics
______________ require a series of codes to be scanned to properly set up.
Bar Code Reader
A ______________ is usually utilized on a standard A+ tech bench. It allows a technician to use ONE set of peripherals for multiple PC's.
KVM Switch
A ______________, also known as a "pen tablet", allows users to paint, ink, pencil, or otherwise draw on a computer.
Digitizer
A __________ is an electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content.
Multimedia Device
A ___________ is a special connector that allows you to connect your sound card directly to a 5.1 speaker system or receiver with a single port.
S/PDIF
(Sony/Philips Digital Interface)
A __________ port will allow you to connect special sound equipment and instruments directly to a PC.
MIDI
The ______________ is identified as the number of horizontal pixels times the number of vertical pixels.
Resolution
The __________ display is being phased out by LED displays, but uses less power than a CRT, while offering better resolution and brightness.
LCD
Newer LCD's utilize ___________________, adding a transistor to every pixel to create a better picture.
Active TFT (Thin Film Transistor)
Better TFTs use _________________ to create a far wider viewing angle and far better color re-creation.
IPS (In-Plane Switching)
LCD displays utilize ______________ to illuminate the screen.
Backlights (Usually a CCFL, a Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp)
The _____________________ will be the highest possible resolution on a display.
Native Resolution.
The _______________________ refers to how often a screen can change completely.
Refresh Rate (Usually in Hertz)
The _________________ describes the difference between the brightest whites and the darkest blacks on a screen.
Contrast ratio
The ____________________ is used in projector technology to describe the size of the image at a certain distance.
Throw
______________ are used to describe the brightness of a projector bulb.
Lumens
Resolution of XGA.
1024 x 768
Resolution of SXGA .
1280 x 1024
Resolution of UXGA.
1600 x 1200
Resolution of WUXGA.
1920 x 1200
4:3, 16:9 and 16:10 are very common ___________________.
Aspect Ratios
________________ utilize a physical piece of hardware to strike a ribbon to print.
Impact Printers
__________________ are the only impact printer to require a hardware change to change font.
Daisy Wheel
Dot Matrix printers will utilize a ___ or 24 pin print head.
9
The _______________ describes the distance between a print head and the paper.
Platen Gap
The ____________ contains the hardware that is utilizes to apply an image to paper.
Print Head
____________is a mode on dot matrix printers indicating that the letters are clearer and less jagged than a typical dot matrix printout.
NLQ (Near Letter Quality)
_________________ is a term used to describe ink drops being spaced in a specific pattern to create the illusion of different tones.
Dithering (Also known as "half toning" , or... more advanced... "amplitude modulation half toning
_________________ technology utilizes a vibrating crystal to force ink out of a nozzle.
Piezoelectric
________________ technology utilizes a rapidly heated plate to force ink out of a nozzle.
Thermal Bubble
TYPICALLY, the colors of ink used are _____________, Magenta ,yellow and black.
Cyan
Resolution of text is measured in ______.
dpi (Dots Per Inch)
If I were to choose a type of printer that I would not use for archival documents, it would surely be a ______________________.
Thermal printer
The speed of printers is measured in _____.
ppm
There are two types of thermal printers, direct thermal and ______________________.
Thermal Wax Transfer
_________________ is a lightweight powdered pigment that is physically attracted to -100V.
TONER
In laser printers, the stage that produces a latent image on the drum is called ___________________.
The Development Stage
In laser printers, the stage that places the latent image onto the paper is called ___________________.
The Transferring Stage
In laser printers, the stage that prepares internal components with the correct voltage is called ___________________.
The Conditioning Stage
In laser printers, the stage that removes excess toner from the drum is called ___________________.
The Cleaning Stage
The ________________ is the component in laser printers that charges and conditions the internal components.
Primary Corona
In laser printers, the stage that applies heat (350 degrees Fahrenheit) and pressure is called ___________________.
The Fusing Stage
The laser assembly consists of a laser, lens and ____________________.
Mirror.
The paper utilized in dot matrix printers is known as ___________________.
Green Line" or "Tractor Feed
If a printer repeatedly reports a paper jam, but no paper is present, a technician should check the ________________.
Sensors
The ________________ determines when scheduled maintenance should occur.
Page Count
The _______________on a laser printer should be changed on schedule with the page count.
Ozone Filter
___________________ utilize SOLID ink.
Solid Ink Printers
The component that allows a printer to print on both sides of a paper!
Duplexing Assembly
This type of printer is NOT a physical piece of hardware. It is used to connect to an operating system AS a printer, but only converts edited documents to image style documents.
Virtual Printers
What is the IPv4 APIPA address?
169.254.x.x
What is the IPv6 APIPA address?
FE80....
What is ARP, and what does it do?
Address Resolution protocol, and it correlates MAC addresses to IP addresses.
What is NAT and what does it do?
Network Address Translation, and it converts many private IP addresses to one public address.
Explain how I would utilize a multimeter to measure continuity.
Set OHMS to ZERO!
What is the capacity of DVD, single side, double layer?
8.5GB
What is the capacity of a QUAD layer Blu-Ray?
100GB
What is the capacity of a high density floppy disk?
1.44MB
Describe the two inkjet technologies and how they work!
Thermal bubble and piezoelectric*
Describe the function of a MSAU and how it works.
Center of a Ring topology/Dual Ring/Token Ring
How do you tell which side of a chassis should be opened to access the motherboard?
Opposite the I/O
What is a riser card and when it is most commonly used?
Expansion that typically offers a 90 degree expansion slot for SFF chassis.
Describe the term "Hot swappable
Able to remove without interrupting system functionality.
Name the internal components of a standard HHD.
Platter, spindle, read/write head, actuator, arm.
Describe what MS, SL, and CS indicate on a PATA drive.
Master, slave, cable select.
What are "jumpers?
A series of pins that allow different functions when a jumper block is attached.
What sockets introduced the "i-series" cpus?
1366/1156
What is ZIF?
Zero insertion force.
Define the purpose of the "one pin" on a CPU.
Indicates the correct corner that should align in the socket.
Which Windows command will specifically be used to map a network drive or resource?
NET USE
Which Windows command will verify connectivity between two nodes?
PING
Which Windows command will allow a user to troubleshoot rogue malware?
MSCONFIG
What type of malware will specifically self propagate over a network?
Worm
What type of malware acts as a carrier vessel and must be willingly installed?
Trojan
What type of malware gains admin level access to a machine?
Rootkit
What is the BEST wireless encryption?
WPA2-AES
What interface will a user encounter when an action requires an elevation of permissions?
UAC- User Account Controls
How much RAM can a 32-bit OS recognize?
4GB
Where is the wireless antenna located in a laptop?
Around the bezel/screen.
What is a PCMCIA card?
Laptop expansion card, much like Expresscard 34/Expresscard 54
When referring to Expresscard 34/54, what does the 34/54 indicate?
The size (in mm) of the card
What is the difference between EFS and bitlocker?
Bitlocker = encrypts whole drive
EFS = Encrypting File system, Encrypts directory or folder
What is the difference between a software RAID and hardware RAID?
Software=motherboard
Hardware = Raid controller card.
Name one specific cryptoprocessor we discussed in class.
TPM
What is the form factor of a standard optics drive?
5.25
What are the two form factors of hard drives we discussed? (HDDs and SSDs)
3.5" and 2.5
What Windows command is used to view all incoming and outgoing traffic on a workstation?
NETSTAT
What is the Windows command to see basic netowork information, as well as DNS server information and MAC address?
IPCONFIG /ALL
What Windows command will be used in the recovery console when a tech encounters "BootMGR missing"?
Bootrec /fixboot
What Windows command will be used to find the PID for running processes?
TASKLIST
What is DXDIAG?
Direct X Diagnostics, allows a user to view the sound and video options on a pc.
What is REGSVR32?
Allows a user to manage .DLL files on a workstation.
What will allow a user to change binary files of Windows?
REGEDIT
What is a 6P2C?
RJ-11 !
Explain the difference between "tethering" and "hotspot" technologies.
Tethering = with a cable
Hotspot = converts 4g to 802.11
Define TKIP and when it was first used.
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol. First used in WPA.
What is the BEST method of physical data destruction?
SHREDDDDDDDDER
What is the BEST method for logical data destruction?
Low level formatting (usually done at the manufacturer)
WHAT IS A SUBNET?
Network ID portion of an IP address.
What is the range for IPv4 public class b?
128 - 191
What is the range for IPv4 private class b?
172.16.x.x. - 172.31.x.x
What is used to test the functionality of ports on a NIC?
A loopback plug.
What does the Linux command Vi do?
A text editor! BUT usually used when installing/upgrading software packages.
What does the Linux command GREP do?
Searches for a string of text
In what Windows OS was XP Mode introduced?
Windows 7 Professional
What class fire extinguisher should we have on a tech bench?
Class C (electrical)
Two types of HYPERVISORS we discussed in class.
SOFTWARE ---- HARDWARE
What is an .ISO file and where would I find it?
CD IMAGE! ON a CD!
What's a PXE, and in what situation would I use it!?
PreBoot Executio� Environment!
*********USED TO LOAD SOFTWARE OR AN OPERATING SYSTEM --->OVER A NETWORK<---!!!!!!!!!!
What is ext4 and where would I find it?
LLLINNNUUXXX
Describe TWO characteristics of ext4.
-Used in Linux
-Compatible with pretty much anything else! WOOT!
What interface would i use to change options regarding "Associated File Types"??????
FOLDER------------OPTIONS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
CLI
Command-Line Interpreter, Allow user OR Admin to directly communicate to the operating system
Command Prompt for Windows
Terminal for Linux and Mac
Syntax
Set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured document or fragment language. The EXACT words or characters you enter to get a response from the CLI
SWITCH
Optional command given after main command to do something specific. i.e. /?,
/?
Help command. When placed after a command, will give a list of switches for that command
Help
Same as /?, but put BEFORE command
ipconfig
command tool used to see basic network connections on Windows
ipconfig /all
command tool to see basic network connections plus IPv6, MAC ADDRESS, IP address leases, and DHCP connection info
ipconfig /release
Releases your IP address back into the SCOPE
ipconfig /renew
Will select your new IP address from the SCOPE
ipconfig/ flushdns
Will clear your DNS resolver cache.
ping
Sends a specific amount of packets to a destination in order to VERIFY CONNECTIVITY
Directory
Fancy word for folder
md
Make Directory-Windows
rd
Remove Directory-Windows
cd (Windows)
Change Directory-Windows (Do not be fooled on the test when asked to CREATE a Directory, that is md)
del
delete-Windows
dir
Directory, will LIST the contents of a specific directory-Windows
copy
Simple copy command from one directory to another-Windows
xcopy
Will copy specific files, and if desired, a directory tree to a specified destination-Windows
robocopy
Robust Copy, will copy file and directories, as well as file attributes, timestamps and other small details-Windows
chkdsk
Will scan for logical errors on HDD chkdsk /f will scan and fix errors-Windows
format
Will format a partition to a selected file system. FAT16, FAT32, FAT64 (exFAT), NTFS, CDFS-Windows
diskpart
Will be used to manage drives, partitions, volumes, and virtual HDDs-Windows
tasklist
Creates a list of applications and services currently running on a system. Will give the PID, or process ID number-Windows
taskkill
Will end a process by using the PID number-Windows
gpuupdate
Updates local and active directory group policy settings-Windows
gpedit
Opens Group Policy, which provides centralized management and configuration of operating systems, applications, and user settings in an Active Directory environment-Windows
gpresult
DISPLAYS group policy settings-Windows
bootrec
Will be used to troubleshoot the operating system IF startup repair doesn't work. IF BOOTMGR IS MISSING USE.... bootrec /fix boot
Windows
shutdown (Windows)
will shutdown a computer
/s shutdown
/m shutdown a specific computer on a network
/t set a timer for shutdown
Windows
sfc
SYSTEM FILE CHECKER. For attacking errors in WINDOWS SYSTEM FILES sfc /scannow will scan entire system for Windows file errors and repair them-Windows
expand
Will expand or EXTRACT one or more compress files from a .cab file-Windows
exit
Will exit Command Prompt-Windows
regedit
Will allow and Admin to alter Window Registries. DO NOT USE UNLESS YOU KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING. WILL DECIMATE YOUR OPERATING SYSTEM-Windows
recimg
Configures a recovery image from which Windows can refresh the computer-Windows
tree
Will GRAPHICALLY display a directory and subfolders-Windows
netstat
Will show inbound and outbound traffic in a specific WORKSTATION-Windows
nslookup
Will allow users to find the IP address of a FQDN or find a FQDN if they have IP address (Think DNSLOOKUP Hint, Hint)-Windows
su
Allows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the specified user-Linux
ls
List command-Linux
cd (Linux)
Change the working directory to a specified directory-Linux
pwd
show the name of the current directory, stands for print working directory NOT PASSWORD-Linux
mv
Used to move or rename files, can remove file i.e. move files to the trash
-i (interactive) prompts you before overwriting a destination file
-n (noclobber) will NOT overwrite an existing destination file
Linux
ifconfig
Used to configure network interfaces for Linux servers and workstations. Also used to view TCP/IP configurations of a system..WIRED CONNECTION
iwconfig
Configure WIRELESS network interfaces-Linux
ps
Displays processes run by the current shell with additional details (such as the PID)-Linux
dd
Copies and converts files to enable them to be transferred from one type of medium to another-Linux
SHELL
Definition not a command....A user program or it's environment provided for user interaction-Linux
PID
A number used by most operating systems to uniquely identify an active process
grep
A command that will SEARCH FOR a string of text-Linux
passwd
Used to change users password-Linux
rm
Used to delete directories (REMOVE DIRECTORIES)-Linux
shutdown (Linux)
Shutdown a Linux system
cp
Used to copy a file-Linux
apt-get
Will allow a superuser to change permission for a file, stands for Aptitude Package Checker-Linux
Vi
A "text editing" command-Linux
chown
Will change the group, change the owner, or BOTH for a directory-Linux
sudo
Will allow a user to execute a command as a super-user (at the ROOT)-Linux
chmod
Will allow a super-user to change permissions for a file-Linux
Transfer Rate - Thunderbolt 2
20Gbps
Transfer Rate - Thunderbolt 3
40Gbps
Transfer Rate - USB 1.1
12Mbps
Transfer Rate - USB 2.0
480Mbps
Transfer Rate - USB 3.0
5.0Gbps
Transfer Rate - USB 3.1
10Gbps
Transfer Rate - SATA 1.0
1.5Gbps
Transfer Rate - SATA 2.0
3.0Gbps
Transfer Rate - SATA 3.0
6.0Gbps
SATA 3.2Transfer Rate -
16Gbps
Transfer Rate - IEEE 1394a
400Mbps
Transfer Rate - IEEE 1394b
800Mbps
Transfer Rate - Cat3
10Mbps
Transfer Rate - CAT5
100Mbps
Transfer Rate - Cat5e
1Gbps
Transfer Rate - Cat6
True 1Gbps
Transfer Rate - CAT 7
10 Gbps +
(Higher performance, but still TECHNICALLY labeled as 10Gbps)
Transfer Rate - Bluetooth 3.0
24Mbps
Transfer Rate - 802.11 a
54Mbps
Transfer Rate - 802.11 b
11Mbps
Transfer Rate - 802.11 g
54Mbps
Transfer Rate - 802.11 n
300Mbps
Transfer Rate - 802.11ac
1.0 Gbps
Star Topology
- Most common
- Network topology which requires each computer to connect to a central point such as a hub or switch.
- Each computer has own cable connection
- Has single point of failure
Bus Topology
- Each devise is connected to a single cable
- uses BNC or T connectors
- cheap and easy to implement
Ring Topology
- Network topology which connects one computer to another in a continuous loop
- every computer has 2 neighbors
- easy to install and troubleshoot
Mesh Topology
- Network topology in which all host machines are connected to one another
- expensive
- mainly used on WAN (Internet)
- high redundancy level
Hybrid Topology
- Network topology which combines the use of multiple topology methods.
- star bus and star ring are most common
Point to Point Topology
Which topology consists of a permanent link between two endpoints? It is a very popular WAN topology.
Client Server Topology
- All data on one machine
- Computers can access all the data on that one machine
Point to MultiPoint Topology
A network topology that consists of multiple devices connecting to single device in order to communicate.
- commonly used in wireless outdoor networks
RJ-11 Connector
- telephone jack
- used to connect to modems on a computer
- locking tab
- resembles RJ-45 but smaller
RJ-45
- most common
- connect computers to LAN networks
- twisted pair cabling
RJ-48c
- used with shielded twisted pair
- used with T1
- wired differently that RJ-45
UTP coupler
used to connect UTP network cables to each others
BNC connector
- common type of RF connector
- Bayonet style coaxial cabling connector generally made of nickel plated brass
BNC coupler
- used to connector together 2 coaxial cables with BNC connectors
Fiber coupler
- connect to fiber optic connectors
- have to be the same type
Fiber adaptors
used to join to different fiber optic connectors tougher
F-Type Connector
A connector used to terminate coaxial cable used for transmitting television and broadband cable signals.
- used by cable providers
USB connector
Plugs into USB port to transfer data between computer and external device
IEEE 1394
-Firewire
- recognized by D shape
- attaching peripheral devices such as cameras and printers
- video and multimedia devices
MT-RJ
- fiber optic connector
- latched push pull connector
-small form factor for high packed density
- smallest can send and receive fiber at the same time
ST connector
- fiber optic connector
- straight tip
- single mode fire optic cable
-half twisted bayonet type of lock
LC connector
- local connector
- fiber optic
- commonly used between floors on a building
- latch like RJ-11
SC connector
- push pull
- fiber optic
- common used between floors
RS-232
- send data one bit at a time
- have a D shape connector
- A standard port recommended by the Electronics Industry Association for serial devices.
AGP
WHAT IS THIS!?
24 pin Main ATX power
WHAT IS THIS!?
Audio ports on I/O
(I/o = input/output)
WHAT IS THIS!?
Centronics plug.
(NOW rare, but once used for printers)
WHAT IS THIS!?
CMOS battery
WHAT IS THIS!?
Modular PSU
(Modular means that each type of power connector is removable, allowing the user to utilize only what is needed [to improve airflow/cable management])
WHAT IS THIS!?
CPU cooler
WHAT IS THIS!?
CPU Socket
WHAT IS THIS!?
DIMM slots
(RAM goes here!)
WHAT IS THIS!?
DVI-A
WHAT IS THIS!?
DVI-D
WHAT IS THIS!?
DVI-I
WHAT IS THIS!?
eSATA
WHAT IS THIS!?
IEEE1394a (Firewire400) OR IEEE1394b (Firewire800)
WHAT IS THIS!?
Floppy Drive Port (data)
WHAT IS THIS!?
Front Side Panel Connectors
(This is where you attach the cables from the actual chassis to the motherboard, to allow the USB ports/power switch/reset switch/lights to communicate with the MOBO)
WHAT IS THIS!?
Heatsink
WHAT IS THIS!?
19-pin HDMI
WHAT IS THIS!?
39 pin IDE (PATA) Connector
WHAT IS THIS!?
A. ATX
B. Micro-ATX
C. Mini-ITX
D. Nano-ITX
E. Pico-ITX
WHAT IS THIS!? (What are the
form factors
for A, B, C, D, E?)
Parallel Port (DB-25)
WHAT IS THIS!?
PCI
WHAT IS THIS!?
PCIe x16
WHAT IS THIS!?
A. PCIe x16
B. PCIe x1
C. PCI
WHAT IS THIS!?
PS/2 ports
(OLD Mouse and Keyboard)
WHAT IS THIS!?
RJ11 ports
(Phone jacks)
*Remember, RJ45's (ethernet cable) have 8 pins, RJ11's have 4 pins!
WHAT IS THIS!?
RJ45 Ports
(Ethernet Ports)
WHAT IS THIS!?
7 Pin Sata Data
WHAT IS THIS!?
9 Pin Serial Port
(Also known as DB-9 or DE-9)
WHAT IS THIS!?
S/PDIF
(Coaxial on the left, Optical on the Right)
WHAT IS THIS!?
USB
WHAT IS THIS!?
USB Headers
WHAT IS THIS!?
Fiber SC
WHAT IS THIS!?
15 pin VGA
(DB-15)
WHAT IS THIS!?
Fiber LC
WHAT IS THIS!?
Fiber FC
WHAT IS THIS!?
Fiber ST
WHAT IS THIS!?
Thunderbolt!
WHAT IS THIS!?
Mini DisplayPort
WHAT IS THIS!?
20-pin DisplayPort
WHAT IS THIS!?
mSATA
WHAT IS THIS!?
m.2 PCIe
(USUALLY used for m.2 SSD PCIe drives!!!)
WHAT IS THIS!?
PCIe SSD
WHAT IS THIS!?
Sata Connector!
Specifically, a 15 pin Sata Power Connector.
What is THIS?
PCIe 6 pin Connector
REMEMBER*** 99% of the time, this 6 pin power connector will add additional power to a Graphics Card (a GPU)
4 pin Molex Connector
NOW.. do not be confused with this term "Molex". Molex is a general term used to describe most power supply connectors. Molex is actually the company that created most power connectors. THIS 4 pin Molex is found on EVERY PSU, and whe
4 pin Floppy Berg Connector
Used to POWER floppy drives! Think they're used OFTEN?
(-_____-)
24 pin ATX Power Connector
20 pin ATX Power Connector
4/8 pin Power Connector
*NOTE: The 4 pin power connector to the motherboard supplies extra power to the CPU VOLTAGE REGULATOR !!!!!
Voltage Selection Switch
24 pin Power Connector
3 pin Fan Connector
WHAT IS TCP?!
Transmission Control Protocol...
Remember, TCP *
VERIFIES
packets are sent and received!
WHAT IS UDP!?
UDP, User Datagram Protocol, just sends packets without verifying or checking for errors.
A __________ is the endpoint of a logical connection. The __________ is a 16-bit unsigned integer, thus ranging from 0 to 65535.
port
Ports ranging from 0 to 1,023 are part of the "__________________" block.
Well-known ports
Ports ranging from 1,024 to 49,151 are part of the "__________________" block.
Registered ports
Ports ranging from 49,152 to 65,535 are part of the "__________________" block.
Dynamic" or "Private Ports
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
TCP 21, 20
SSH (Secure Shell)
TCP 22
UDP 22
Telnet
TCP 23
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
TCP 25
DNS (Domain Name System)
TCP 53
UDP 53
BOOTP (Bootstrap) and DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
UDP 67, 68
**
BOOTP was just the older version of DHCP.. same functionality.
*
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
UDP 69
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
TCP 80
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)
TCP 110
NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)
TCP 119
NTP (Network Time Protocol)
UDP 123
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)
TCP 143
UDP 143
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
TCP 161
UDP 161
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
179
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
389
Secure HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
TCP 443
H.323 (Video)
1720
Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)
2427/2727
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)
TCP 3389
Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)
5004/5005
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
5060/5061