Biology 1625 Lab Midterm

What are the four characteristics specific to prokaryotes that we talked about?

DNA not organized into a nucleus
DNA is circular
Lack membrane bound organelles
Most cells walls contain peptidoglycan

What are the for characteristics of cyanobacteria that we talked about?

Unicellular, generally colonial
Have chlorophyll but no plastids
Reproduce by binary fission
Autotrophic

What are the two different types of cells (besides anabaena) found within an anabaena colony and what are their functions?

Heterocysts- nitrogen fixation
Akinetes- house spores

Obligate anaerobes

Can survive and function only in the absence of free 02

Facultative anaerobes

can survive in an 02 free environment but do better with 02

List the three sexual life cycles iwthing the domain Eukarya

zygotic, gametic, sporic

zygotic sexual life cycle (fungus and most algae)

haploid cells fuse to fertilize and form gametes, it divides as 4 haploid cells (spores)

gametic sexual life cycle (some algae)

diploid cells, divide through meiosis

sporic (plants)

alternation of generations, alternates between diploid and haploid cells

list the five characteristics of the kingdom fungi we discussed

all are heterotrophic
chitin cell walls
absorptive nutrition
important decomposers
most use spores to reproduce

two types of heterotrophy in the kingdom fungi

parasites, feed on living matter
saprobes, feed on non-living matter

lichens are a symbiotic relationship between

cyanobacterium/chlorophyta and a fungus (often ascomycote)

List two types of vascular tissue what each transports, and which direction it moves its contents.

zylem, moves water and minerals upwards
phloem, moves nutrients and hormones downwards

Is plant development determinate or indeterminate? Explain.

indeterminate, plants will continue to grow new limbs throughout their entire lifespan

what type of growth is the apical meristem responsible for

responsible for length

what type of growth is the lateral meristem responsible for

responsible for girth/width

two functions of the root

absorption of water and minerals
food storage

two functions of the leaf

gas exchange
absorbs sunlight

shoot

houses zylem and phloem
produces axillary buds

What is transpiration?

the way water leaves a plant