Abscess
Localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
Sebaceous gland
oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles
Hair Follicle infections
Signs/Symptoms: usually mild, but can become serious or blood bourne
Pathogenesis: minor infections of hair follicles can be relieved by pulling the hair and releasing the pus; more advanced infections produce a necrotic plug, a minor epidermal lesion, an
Exfoliatin
a bacterial toxin that causes sloughing of the outer epidermis
Staphlococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)
Causative agent: S. aureus with exfoliatin toxin gene, 5%
Signs/Symptoms: the skin wrinkles and appears scalded or burned, feels like sandpaper and starts peeling
Pathogenesis: small infection; toxin distributes systemically, causing the epidermis and der
Pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
Impetigo
Causative agent: Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)
Signs/Symptoms: blisters that break, releasing plasma and pus; formation of golden crusts
Epidemiology: direct contact transmission with carriers or the infected insects, or fomites
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Signs/Symptoms: headache; fever, pain in muscles and joints; followed by hemorrhagic rash of the extremities
Epidemiology: zoonotic; carried by insect vector (wood tick) from deer
Treatment: antibiotics. Prevention: tick avoidance - insect repellant, tick
Chickenpox
Signs/Symptoms: itchy bumps and blisters (pustules) that form, break and spread; fever; latent infections can reactivate, resulting in shingles
Epidemiology: highly infectious via skin pus/lesions or respiratory secretions. Human reservoir - people with a
Macules
flat, reddened lesions
Papules
Firm raised areas such as pimples and the eruptions seen in some stages of chickenpox and syphilis.
Koplik Spots
small, blue-white spots with red halo over oral mucosa; early sign of measles
Rebeola (measles)
Signs/Symptoms: rash, fever, weepy eyes, bad cough, and rhinitis. Rare, sometimes fatal complication of encephalitis
Epidemiology: droplet and respiratory secretion transmission; highly contagious; humans only
Treatment: no treatment. Very Effective vacci
Rubella (German Measles)
Signs/Symptoms: mild fever and cold-like symptoms, "T" rash beginning on forehead and face, enlarged lymph nodes behind the ears
Pathogenesis: Respiratory tract replication; spreads throughout the body and may cross the placental barrier; frequent spontan
Superficial Cutaneous Mycoses (athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm)
Signs/Symptoms: most have no symptoms; some complain of itching, bad odor or rash. Ringworm can produce a scaly area surrounded by a reddened ring. This group also includes dandruff, beard itch, nail fungus, etc
Pathogenesis: normal skin is generally resi
Pustules
itchy bumps and blisters
Folliculitis
inflammation of the hair follicles
Carbuncle
multiple follicles
Tinea Versicolor
a fungal infection that causes painless, discolored areas on the skin
Malassezia furfur yeast and filamentous forms
Candida albicans
yeast infection
C. albicans yeast forms and filamentous forms called pseudohyphae
Vesicles
small blisters
The average person sheds about 40,000 skin cells daily or 1,500 during a typical microbiology lecture.
True
Individuals colonized with S. aureus may have as many as 100,000,000 (108) cells of the bacterium per nostril.
True
Non-immune people can contract chickenpox from someone with shingles.
True
Know which tick-borne bacterial infection produces which infection, and which is local to us.
- Black-legged Tick
o Lyme Disease
o Eastern and Northern-Central US
- Wood Tick
o Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
o Western US
Know the two conditions that Malassezia furfur produces
- Tinea Versicolor
- Candida albicans