proteobacteria is named after
the greek god proteus (could assume many shapes)
largest taxonomic group of bacteria
Proteobacteria
proteobacteria is __heterotrophic
chemo
group of proteobacteria that are capable of growth with very low levels of nutrients
alphaproteobacteria
the label alphaproteobacteria includes
-vibrio
-salmonella
-helibacteria
-escherichia
some ___ have unusual morphology, including protrusions such as stalks or buds known as _____
prosthecae
this type of alphaproteobacteria is:
-one of the most abundant microbes in the ocean
-extremely small
-advantage in low nutrient environments
-important role in earths carbon cycle
pelagibacteria
rickettsia is caused/transmitted by
tick and flea bites
R. prowazekii causes
epidemic typhus
R. typhi causes
endemic murine typhus
R. rickettsia causes
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
these, known by the common name rhizobia, fix nitrogen in the roots of leguminous plants
rhizobium and bradyrhizobium
agrobacterium
-Plant pathogen; causes crown gall
-Inserts a plasmid into plant cells, inducing a tumor
bartonella
human pathogen
cat scratch disease
brucella
Obligate parasite of mammals; survives phagocytosis
Causes brucellosis
the betaproteobacteria include:
acidithiobacillus
spirillum
sphaerotilus
bordatella
neisseria
zoogloea
Acidithiobacillus
Chemoautotrophic; oxidize sulfur to sulfates
h2s ------> so42-
spirillum
found in freshwater, move via flagella
sphaerotilus
-Found in freshwater and sewage
-Form sheaths to aid in protection and nutrient gathering
bordetella
Non-motile rods
B. pertussis: causes whooping cough
neisseria
N. gonorrhoeae: cause of gonorrhoea
N. meningitidis: cause of meningococcal meningitis
zoogloea
Important in the activity of the activated sludge system
gammaproteobacteria
largest subgroup of proteobacteria
Pseudomonadales 1 (Gammaproteobacteria)
pseudomonas
opportunistic pathogens,; nosocomial infections
metabolically diverse
polar flagella; common in soil
P. aeruginosa: wound and urinary tract infections
pseudomonadales 2
azotobacter and azomonas
nitrogen fixing
M. lacunata
causes conjunctivitis
Acinetobacter
A. baumanii: respiratory pathogen; resistant to antibiotics
Legionellales
Legionella
Found in streams, warm-water pipes, and cooling towers
Causes legionellosis
Coxiella
C. burnetii: causes Q fever; transmitted via aerosols or milk
vibrionales
Found in aquatic habitats
V. cholerae causes cholera
V. parahaemolyticus
causes gastroenteritis
enterobacteriales
commonly called enteric, inhabit the intestinal tract, ferment carbohydrates
facultative anaerobes
peritrichous flagella
the many kinds of enerobacteriales (classified under gammaproteobacteria)
yersinia (Y. pestis causes plague, transmitted by fleas)
Serratia (produces red pigment, cause of nosocomial infections
Klebsiella (K. pneumoniae causes pneumonia)
Shigella (causes bacillary dysentery)
Salmonella (2,400 serovards, common form of
e. coli
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