what is hirudiniasis
a leech infestation
3 pairs of legs, 3 distinct body regions and a pair of antennae
insects
4 pairs of legs, body divided into 2 regions and no antennae
arachnids
what is the scientific name for the cat flea
ctenocephalides felis
what is the scientific name for the dog flea
ctenocephalides canis
laterally compressed and wingless, legs are adapted for jumping and mouthpart has a piercing/sucking region
fleas
Fleas have ________ metamorphosis.
complete
when will pupae emerge out to seek the host
once they detect carbon dioxide and vibrations
Flea dirt is another term for flea _____.
feces; appear red
do fleas have a preferred host
yes but they will attack any source of blood
what can heavy flea infestations cause
anemia
bacteria flea carries around in his body; causes bubonic plague
Yersinia pestis
what is the order of the biting lice
mallophaga
what is the order of the sucking lice
anoplura
What is pediculosis?
lice infestation
Are lice host specific?
Yes, highly
feed on blood and move slowly on host, larger than chewing lice, red-gray and have a long narrow head; cause anemia
sucking lice
canine sucking lice that can affect humans too
Linognathus steosus
feed on epithelial debris and move rapidly over host, broad rounded head, smaller than sucking lice and yellow in color; can cause irritation shap
biting lice
canince biting lice that can affect humans too
Trichodectes canis
feline biting lice that can affect humans too
Felicola subrostratus
human sucking lice
Pediculus humanus capitis
mite shaped like a light saber or cigar, it's not zoonotic and not contagious to other canine; primary locations are the muzzle and body, and it causes a depressed immune system
Demodectic mange
mite that is zoonotic through direct contact or fomites, burrow under the skin primarily in ears and feet causing alopecia and inflammation, contagious to other canine and "FAT boy
Sarcoptic mange (scabies)
canine/human sarcoptic mange
Sarcoptes scabiei
feline sarcoptic mange
Notoedres cati
canine demodex
Demodex canis
feline demodex
Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi
how long does demodex stay on a host
its entire life
ear mites that can cause intense pruritis of ear canal but can be found on any area of the body, more common in cats; feed on epidermal debris and are easily transmitted
Otodectes cynotis
walking dander mite that can cause alopecia and dermatitis; non burrowing
Cheyletiella sp
AKA chiggers, mites red-orange in color, feed on anything and cause irritation, and live in short/tall grass
Trombiculid mites
What is acariasis?
infestation of mites or ticks
brown dog tick; vector for canine babesiosis, ehrlichiosis and rocky mountain spotted fever
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
american dog tick; vector for canine babesiosis, tick paralysis and cause Cytauxzoon felis in cats
Dermacentor variabilis
lone star tick; vector for rocky mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis and tick paralysis, gets its name white spot on the apex of the scutum
Amblyomma americanum
deer tick/black legged tick; vector for lyme disease, ehrlichiosis and tick paralysis
Ixodes scapularis
argasidae ticks (soft bodied)
Otobius megnini (ear tick) and Argas persicus (fowl tick)
ixodidae ticks (hard bodied)
Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor variabilis, Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes scapularis
the saliva of the female hard tick species is toxic and can cause what
ascending paralysis in animals and humans
What ticks cause tick paralysis?
Dermacentor andersoni, Ixodes holocyclus and Dermacentor variabilis
soft ticks are the vectors of diseases like
lyme disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
what is the hard, chitinous covering of hard ticks called
the scutum
undergo metamorphosis, mouthparts are adapted for sponging/piercing/sucking, cause painful bites producing hypersensitive reactions/infections and they act as vectors/intermediate hosts to other pathogenic agents
Diptera (flies)
the stable fly AKA bitting house fly, barn fly; spread diseases to cattle and horses, intermediate host for Habronema
Stomoxys calcitrans
horse fly that prefers feeding on withers, abdomen and legs; vectors for rickettsial and viral diseases, and females feed on vertebrate blood only
Tabanus sp
What is myiasis?
fly larvae developing in the tissue or organs of a host
AKA warbles; non biters, lay eggs in wounds
Myasis flies
what is a myasis fly larva known as
cuterebra
what do female mosquitos feed on
suck blood and can transmit protozoal, viral and nematode diseases
What do male mosquitoes eat?
nectar, plant juices
intermediate host for malaria and heartworm disease
Anopheles
intermediate host for yellow fever and heartworm disease
Aedes aegypti
intermediate host for heartworm disease and malaria in birds
Culex sp
can dogs get malaria
no, they have other blood infections such as Babesiosis