Blood
transports nutrients to and wastes from cells
Lymph Capillaries
transport intestinal fluid to blood
Lymph Nodes
contain fixed macrophages, B cells and T cells
Septicemia
persistence of pathogens in the blood
Sepsis
inflammatory response (swelling)
Severe Sepsis
sepsis with a drop in blood pressure
Septic Shock
sepsis with an uncontrollable severe drop in blood pressure
Endocarditis
Bacterial Infection of the Heart : inflammation of the endocardium (heart valves )
Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
Staphylococcus aureus (that could come after a tooth exstraction)
Rheumatic Fever
Bacterial Disease: inflammation of the heart valves that produces nodules on the body; pathogen = Group A , causes arthritis and fever
Tularemia
Bacterial Disease of Heart: "Rabbit Fever" Francisella tularensis, reproduce inside the phagocytes after the phagocytes try to eat them
Brucellosis
Bacterial Disease of Heart: (undulant fever) Brucella , fever that spikes and is transmitted via milk from infected animals or contact with infected animals
Anthrax
Bacterial Disease: Bacillus anthracis (found in soil), endospore forming;
3 Types
Cutaneous anthrax - spores enter through minor cut
Gastrointestinal anthrax - eating undercooked food
Inhalation anthrax - WORST one you will die ; inhalation of endospores
Gangrene
Bacterial Disease: Clostrdium perfringens ; death of soft tissue; introduced by a deep cut or if appendages were cut off then bound tightly;
portal of entry = skin
Reservoir = soil
Transmission = puncture wound
Systemic Diseases caused by Animal bite or Scratch
Bartonella bensellae (cat scratch disease) , Pasteurella, Clostridium and Bacteroides ; the animals get from soil then pass to human
Ischemia
Gangrene : loss of blood supply to tissue
Necrosis
Gangrene: death of tissue
Plague
Vector Transmitted Bacterial Disease: Pathogen = Yersinia pestis; Reservoir = rats, Vector = flea (Bubonicplague - bacterial growth in blood and lymph)
Portal of Entry = skin, respiratory tract
Relapsing Fever
Vector Transmitted Disease: Borrelia (spirochete) transmitted by ticks living on rodents; causing fever that spikes up and down
Lyme Disease
Vector Transmitted bacterial Disease: Pathogen = Beorrelia burgdorferi; reservoir = deer, Vector = ticks (that bite deer)
Portal of Entry = skin
Lyme Disease Phases
First sign: Bulls Eye rash
Second Phase: Irregular heartbeat , encephalitis
Third Phase: arthritis
Typhus
Vector transmitted Bacterial Disease:
Epidemic typhus - Rickettsia. transmitted when louse feces rub into bite wound, Reservoir = squirrels
Epidemic murine typhus - vector = flea , Reservoir = rodents
Spotted Fever (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
Vector Transmitted disease : Riskettsia rickettsii, mealse like rash but except this rash appears on palms and souls 2. Transmitted by tick
Puerperal Sepsis
Bacterial Disease: childbirth fever caused by strep. pyogenes, (nosocomical) transmitted to vagina while mother is giving birth
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (Ebola)
portral of entry = mucous membrane, causes profuse bleeding , NO treatment
Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis)
Protozoan Disease: "kissing Bug" = vector, reservoir = rodents . trypanosoma cruzi , damages heart
Infectious Mononucleosis
Viral Disease: human herpes 4 infection (cold sores), transmitted via saliva
Malaria
Protozoan Disease: pathogen = Plasmodium
Vector = mosquito
portal of entry = skin
treatment = get bed bets
Schistosomiasis
Helminthic Disease: a worm that has a male and female part,
Pathogen = schistosoma
Portal of Entry = skin (finds you in water and burrows into your skin)
Causes ; granulomas (eggs lodged into your tissues)
Swimmers Itch
Helminthis Disease: an allergic reaction to the parasite in skin (egg larva burrow into skin from water and cause skin to itch )