Health 1000 Test 2 (Tavasso)

What is health?

The ever changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, mental, spiritual and environmental dimensions.

What influences our health?

Individual behavior, such as lack of physical activity or poor nutrition, biology and genetics, social factors, such as economic or environmental, access to quality health services,policymaking, such as smoking bans or mandated seat belt use, and health d

In a national survey, what did college students cite as major impediments to performing well academically?

Stress as the highest, then sleep difficulties, anxiety, colds, work, internet use or computer games, depression, concerns for others, extracurricular activities and relationship difficulties.

In the early 1900s, what largely determined a person's life expectancy?

Infectious diseases because of a lack of vaccines, antibiotics and infection control a third of all deaths were from infections.

What are the six dimensions of Health? How do they interact with one another?

The six dimensions of health are physical, social, intellectual, emotional, spiritual and environmental. The six dimensions of health is a concept of adaptability or the ability to cope successfully with life's ups and downs for an overall understanding o

What are some examples of risk behaviors?

Risk behaviors are actions that increase susceptibility to negative health outcomes.

What is the primary goal of wellness?

Attaining the optimal level of well-being for your unique limitations and strengths.

What are the leading cause of death in 15-24 year olds in the US?

Accidents (unintentional injuries)

What is the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

The guidelines are designed to help bridge the gap between the standard American diet and the key recommendations that aim to combat the growing obesity epidemic by balancing calories with adequate physical activity.

Over the past three decades, what has changed about the daily calorie consumption by Americans?

Americans eat more food than ever before. The average calorie consumption has increased from 2,169 to 2,614 calories per day since 1970.

What are nutrients? Why are they important?

Nutrients are the constituents of food that sustain humans physiologically: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. Our bodies need nutrients that provide the chemicals we need for activity and body maintenance.

What is fiber and what does it do for the digestive system?

Fiber is the indigestible portion of plant foods that helps move foods through the digestive system, delays absorption of cholesterol and other nutrients, and softens stools by absorbing water.

What type of food typically contains complete protein?

Animal products contain all nine of the essential amino acids.

What type of dietary fat is solid at room temperature?

Saturated fats.

What are vitamins and why are they beneficial for the body?

Vitamins are potent and essential organic compounds that promote growth and help main life and health. Vitamins help maintain nerves and skin, produce blood cells, build bones and teeth, heal wounds and convert food energy to body energy.

What is one key to eating well in college?

One key to eating well in college is eating a complete breakfast that includes complex carbohydrates, protein and healthy, unsaturated fats, such as bananas, peanut butter and whole grain sandwiches.

If you are trying to maintain a healthy diet, what is NOT recommended when eating fast food?

It is not recommended to order giant sizes, ordering extra sauce, bacon, cheese, dressings and other extras that additional calories, sodium, carbohydrates and fat.

Charla wants to eat a healthy meal in the college dining hall. What types of food should she try to avoid adding to her plate?

She should avoid eating empty calories, which are high-calorie foods and drinks with little nutritional value, such as cakes, cookies, sodas, cheese, pizza, ice cream, hots dogs, bacon, ribs, wine beer, refined grains, white rice, crackers, etc. Ask the p

What is the My Plate food guidance system for healthy eating and what does it recommend?

My Plate is a guidance system that takes into consideration the dietary and calories needs for a variety of individuals. The three general areas of recommendation are balancing calories: enjoying food but eating less and avoiding oversized portions; incre

What percentage of adult Americans are overweight or obese?

33% of adult Americans are obese and 31% are overweight.

A woman who is trying to determine her ideal, healthy weight should be less concerned about comparing herself to her friends and more concerned about what?

Eating healthy and working out.

What is BMI? Identify the levels

Body Mass Index is a number calculated from a person's weight and height that is used to assess risk for possible present or future health problems. The levels are underweight, healthy weight, obese and extreme obesity.

If a 26-year-old male is considered obese, what would his body mass index (BMI) be?

If a 26 year old male has a BMI over 23% they are considered to be obese.

What are the limitations of BMI measurements?

Water, muscle and bone mass are not included in BMI calculations. BMI levels also don't account for the fact that muscle weighs more than fat.

The amount of energy that the body uses at complete rest is known as what?

Basal metabolic rate.

The calorie intake of Americans has increased over the last 20 years. Many researchers believe that one of the main reasons for this is due to what?

Researchers believe one of the main reasons the calorie intake of Americans is so much higher because there is a greater access to high-calorie foods.

If Kevin wants to lose five pounds of fat by exercising an hour each day, how many extra calories must he expend to lose a pound of fat?

If your body expends an extra 3,500 calories, Kevin would lose a pound of fat, so for 5 pounds Kevin would need to expend 17,500 calories.

In regards to weight management, what types of diets should you avoid, and what should you pay careful attention to for sustained weight loss?

You should avoid weight-loss programs that promise quick, "miracle" results. For an increase in a program's chance of success one should assess the nutrient value any prescribed diet, verify that the dietary guidelines are consistent with reliable nutriti

When planning a weight management program, what must someone do to increase their program's chance of success?

A diet that requires a radical behavior change or prepackaged meals are likely to fail. The most successful plans allow you to make food choices in real world setting and don't ask you to sacrifice everything.

What problems are associated with severe calorie restriction?

Problems that are associated with severe calorie restriction are blood sugar imbalance, cold intolerance, constipation, decreased BMR, dehydration, diarrhea, emotional problems, fatigue, headaches, heart irregularities, kidney infections and failure, loss

What can having a negative body image lead to?

A negative body image can lead to a fixation on a wide range of physical flaws, a lot of the time it is weight related. A pattern of negative thoughts and behaviors can lead to disordered eating.

What eating disorder could potentially lead to the erosion of tooth enamel due to frequent purging?

Bulimia nervosa.

Individuals who have an intense fear of gaining weight, along with an extremely distorted body image have what type of eating disorder?

Anorexia nervosa.

If you suspect that someone you know is struggling with disordered eating, what are different things that you can do to help?

You can learn as much as you can about disordered eating, know the differences between facts and myths about weight, nutrition, and exercise, be honest by talking openly and honestly about your concerns, be caring but be firm, compliments your friend's pe

A man who believes he is too fat or not muscular enough and takes extreme measures to change his body has what disorder?

Muscle dysmorphia.

What are the major health-related components of physical fitness?

Reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, reduced risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, reduced cancer risk, improved bone mass and reduced risk of osteoporosis, improved weight management, improved immunity, improved mental health and stress man

What can regular aerobic exercise improve the functioning of?

Regular aerobic exercise improves blood flow and eases the performance of everyday tasks. It is also good for the heart and lungs and reduces the risk for heart-related disease.

How can moderate-intensity physical activity improve a person's immunity?

Moderate intensity physical activity temporarily increases the number of white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting infection.

In what ways is exercise able to reduce the risk of heart disease?

Exercise makes the cardiovascular and respiratory systems more efficient by strengthening the heart muscle, enabling more blood to be pumped with each stroke, and increasing the number of capillaries (small blood tissues) in trained skeletal muscles, whic

What benefits does regular exercise provide?

Regular physical activity is effective with the primary and secondary prevention of several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis.

Approximately what percentage of adult Americans suffer from cardiovascular disease?

More than 1 out of 3 adults, or 33%, suffer from one or more types of CVD.

Avoiding what substance will greatly decrease the risk of developing cardiovascular disease?

Tobacco.

What is atherosclerosis?

A general term for thickening and hardening of the arteries.

What are different methods of reducing cardiovascular disease?

Avoid tobacco, cut back on saturated fats and cholesterol, maintain a healthy weight, exercise regularly, control diabetes, control your blood pressure, and manage stress.

What are the nonmodifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

Race and ethnicity, heredity, age and gender.

If you have an apple shaped body, what are you at a higher risk for?

Metabolic syndrome.

Why is aspirin sometimes recommended for the treatment of cardiovascular disease?

If a patient takes aspirin regularly for possible protection against CHD, then stopping this regular regimen may increase his or her risk. It has been touted for its blood-thinning qualities and possibly reducing risks for future heart attacks among those

What is the process of cancer spreading from one organ or body area to another called?

Metastasis.

What types of behaviors can increase the risk of developing cancer?

Tobacco, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, inflammation, certain infectious agents, certain medical treatments, drug and alcohol consumption, excessive skin exposure, and exposures to carcinogens can increase the risk of developing cancer.

Why are malignant tumors generally more dangerous than benign tumors?

Malignant tumors are very dangerous or harmful, it refers to a cancerous tumor, while benign tumors are harmless and refer to a noncancerous tumor.

What are the warning signs of melanoma?

Asymmetry where one half a mole or lesson does not match the other health, border irregularity where the edges are uneven, notched or scalloped, color where pigmentation is not uniform; it may vary in color from tan to deeper brown, reddish black, black o

How can exercise potentially decrease the risk of developing breast cancer?

Lack of physical activity and obesity or gaining 50 pounds since 18 increase the risk of developing breast cancer so exercise potentially decreases that risk.

In the ABCD rule for the warning signs of melanoma, what does the B stand for?

Border irregularity.

Someone who is experiencing tightness in their chest, pain in their arm and shoulder, shortness of breath, and dizziness is likely experiencing what condition?

Heart attack.

What is the most lethal form of skin cancer?

Malignant melanoma is the most lethal with an estimated death of 12,650.

The blood pressure measurement that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls during heart contractions is called what?

Systolic blood pressure.

The blood pressure measurement that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls when the heart relaxes is called what?

Diastolic blood pressure.

If an individual has consistently high blood pressure, what condition do they have?

Hypertension.

What is the common name for a myocardial infarction?

Heart attack.

What is the leading cause of death in the United States?

Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death globally.

What is a tumor called that is not cancerous?

Benign tumors and not cancerous.

What type of CVD is responsible for the most deaths in the US?

Coronary heart disease is the greatest killer of CVDs, accounting for nearly 1 in 6 deaths in the US.

What is the most common form of cancer? What is the leading cause of cancer deaths?

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths for both men and women in the US, while skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the US today.

What age are males at the highest risk of testicular cancer?

Men between the ages of 15 and 35 are at the greatest risk of getting testicular cancer.

What is a desirable level for total Cholesterol?

Less than 200 mg/dL is a desirable level for total Cholesterol.

What is a desirable level for Blood Pressure?

A desirable systolic reading for blood pressure is less than 120 and having a diastolic reading of less than 80.

Microscopic organisms that are disease-causing agents are known as what?

Pathogens.

What risk factors do you have control over to help decrease your risk of developing an infectious disease?

If you have too much stress, inadequate nutrition, a low fitness level, lack of sleep, misuse or abuse of drugs, poor personal hygiene, and high-risk behavior then you significantly increase your risk for diseases.

What behaviors will compromise your immune system's ability to fight infections?

Hereditary, age, environmental conditions and organism virulence and resistance will affect the immune system's ability to fight infections.

Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting. You now have itchy, crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible. You were probably infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now be

Incubation period.

What form of bacteria is carried by ticks and causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Rickettsia.

What is recommended to avoid contracting or spreading H1N1?

Wearing masks, avoiding handshakes and washing your hands more were recommended by the media to avoid contracting or spreading H1N1.

What virus is spread by infected mosquitos?

West Nile Virus.

What type of infection is the common cold?

Virus.