Abortive poliomyelitis (minor illness)
nonspecific febrile illness, occurs in 3-4 days
Nonparalytic poliomyelitis
back pain and muscle spasms
Paralytic polio (major illness)
paralysis of one or more limbs, happens 3-4 days after (minor)
Bulbar poliomyelitis
more severe, effects pharynx, vocal chords and lungs, 75% death rate
Postpolio syndrome
30-40 years after initial infection, occurs in 20%-80% of originally infected people, muscle deterioration
Herpangina
vesicular ulcerated lesions around the soft palate and uvula
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
vesicular lesions on the hands, feet, mouth, and tongue
Pleurodynia (Bornholm disease)
aka devil's grip, excruciating chest and abdominal pain
Viral (aseptic) meningitis
fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, and petechiae or a rash may occur
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
extremely contagious ocular disease, may be transmitted transplacentally to the fetus
Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)
based on three wild, virulent reference strains, Mahoney (type 1 poliovirus), MEF-1 (type 2 poliovirus), and Saukett (type 3 poliovirus), grown in a type of monkey kidney tissue culture (Vero cell line), which are then inactivated with formalin.
Live attenuated Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)
produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature, which produces spontaneous mutations in the viral genome.
coryza
an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge)
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
photophobia
pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light (often associated with albinism)
Koplik spots
small red spots on the buccal mucous membrane with a bluish white speck in the center, occuring before measles, before skin eruption and are a pathognomic sign of the disease
exanthem
eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease
Pneumonia
respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
bacterial superinfection
An infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier.
Encephalitis
inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus
postinfectious encephalitis
encephalitis that occurs 7 to 10 days after onset of illness
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
is a rare but serious neurological complication due to measles infection. A defective virus persists in the brain and spreads from cell to cell. Months or years later, the patient develops changes in personality and other neurological disorders. This is f
Atypical measles
older inactivated measles vaccine (before 1963), more intense version of the disease
MMR vaccine
measles, mumps, rubella combination vaccine
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles
croup
a disease of infants and young children; difficult breathing
parotitis
inflammation of one or both parotid glands
epididymoorchitis
welling (inflammation) of one or both of the testicles
oophoritis
inflammation of one or both ovaries
mastitis
inflammation of a breast (or udder)
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas; marked by abdominal pain
thyroiditis
inflammation of the thyroid gland
Passive immunization
anti-RSV immunoglobulin used for premature infants
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
hemagglutinin (HA)
Major cell surface glycoprotein
; Facilitates binding to host cell
receptors and endosomal fusion
neuraminidase (NA)
glycoprotein found on the surfaces of viruses, that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal acylneuraminic residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids
hydrophobia
an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal)
Negri bodies
eosinophilic, sharply outlined, pathognomonic inclusion bodies (2-10 �m in diameter) found in the cytoplasm of certain nerve cells containing the virus of rabies, especially in Ammon's horn of the hippocampus.
Biliary atresia
common bile duct between the liver and small intestine is blocked
chikungunya
(in the Makonde language "that which bends up") virus (CHIKV) is an insect-borne virus, of the genus Alphavirus, that is transmitted to humans by virus-carrying Aedes mosquitoes. Severe and crippling arthritis
Petechial hemorrhages
a form of mild hemorrhage which causes distinctive markings known as petechiae. These markings take the form of small red to purple spots which can vary in size and distribution from a few tiny markings to an array which may look like a rash or abrasion.
ecchymosis
the escape of blood from ruptured blood vessels into the surrounding tissue to form a purple or black-and-blue spot on the skin
epistaxis
bleeding from the nose
hematemesis
vomiting blood
melena
abnormally dark tarry feces containing blood (usually from gastrointestinal bleeding)
Pleomorphic
(biology) the appearance of two or more distinctly different forms in the life cycle of some organisms