Which of the following is not a property of a virus?
a.It is an infectious cellular pathogen.
b.It is an obligate intracellular pathogen.
c.Its genome consists of DNA or RNA
d.Its genome is surrounded by a protein capsid
a.It is an infectious cellular pathogen.
Which of the following is the scientist responsible for first discovering viruses (specifically, tobacco mosaic virus)?
a.Dimitri Ivanovski
b.Edward Jenner
c.Henrietta Lacks
d.Stanley Prusiner
a.Dimitri Ivanovski
The protein subunits that surround the nucleic acid of a virus are known as which of the following?
a.amino acids
b.capsomeres
c.chromatins
d.telomeres
b.capsomeres
Arthropods typically serve as which mechanism of transmission for viruses?
a.biological vector
b.fomite
c.mechanical vector
d.both as fomites and as vectors
a.biological vector
Which unit of length best describes the average size of a virion
a.mm
b.�m
c.nm
d.pm
c.nm
Viruses can be visualized using which method?
a.compound light microscope
b.electron microscope
c.the naked eye
d.ultraviolet rays
b.electron microscope
The Baltimore Classification system describes viruses according to which characteristic?
a.capsid shape
b.host-cell susceptibility
c.the presence or absence of an envelope
d.the viral genome
d.the viral genome
In the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophages, the integrated phage genome is known as which of the following?
a.prophage
b.provirus
c.virioid
d.virion
a.prophage
In retroviruses, the integrated phage genome is known as which of the following?
a.prophage
b.provirus
c.virioid
d.virion
b.provirus
Which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer relies on the use of viruses?
a.conjugation
b.mutation
c.transduction
d.transformation
c.transduction
A bacteriophage infects a host cell and the genome integrates itself into the host chromosome. Sometime later, the phage is excised along with a short piece of DNA adjacent to the insertion point. Both the phage DNA and the host DNA are packaged into the
b.The lysogenic cycle, reactivating as the lytic cycle, followed by specialized transduction
(?)ssRNA is transcribed into (+)ssRNA using which of the following?
a.DNA polymerase encoded by the host cell
b.DNA polymerase encoded by the virus
c.RNA polymerase encoded by the host cell
d.RNA polymerase encoded by the virus
d.RNA polymerase encoded by the virus
Which of the following is a novel enzyme found in retroviruses?
a.forward transcriptase
b.retrotranscriptase
c.reverse transcriptase
d.Taq polymerase
c.reverse transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase is used to generate which nucleic acid from RNA?
a.cDNA
b.dsRNA
c.(+)ssRNA
d.(?)ssRNA
a.cDNA
Which of the following is the host-cell receptor that recognizes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
a.CD4
b.CD8
c.Gp120
d.sialic acid
a.CD4
Which of the following viruses does not cause latent infections?
a.adenovirus
b.Epstein-Barr virus
c.herpes simplex virus
d.varicella-zoster virus
a.adenovirus
Chicken pox can reemerge as which disease?
a.cowpox
b.genital warts
c.shingles
d.smallpox
c.shingles
The excision of the viral genome from the host chromosome is known as which of the following?
a.induction
b.lysogeny
c.phage conversion
d.transduction
a.induction
Which statement regarding the introduction of virus in eggs is true?
a.Pox can form on the embryo
b.The virus cannot be introduced into the yolk sac
c.The virus will not kill the embryo if it is introduced early in development
d.Virus introduction will no
a.Pox can form on the embryo
The liquid portion of blood that does not contain clotting factors is known as which of the following?
a.erythrocytes
b.plasma
c.platelets
d.serum
d.serum
Which method cannot be used to detect virus in a patient's serum?
a.EIA
b.hemagglutinin assay
c.growth in pure culture
d.RT-PCR
c.growth in pure culture
You are a nurse and you suspect that you may have been exposed to a particular virus. You and your health care provider decide to perform a hemagglutinin assay. A sample of your serum is taken and added to a sample of virus. Next, the virus and serum samp
a.The test result suggests you may have been exposed to the virus, and your serum contains antibodies against the virus
Which effect does tomato planta macho viroids have on the crop?
a.browning of fruit
b.crown-gall formation
c.loss of chlorophyll
d.lysis of root cells
c.loss of chlorophyll
Which scientist first discovered prions?
a.Dimitri Ivanovski
b.Edward Jenner
c.Henrietta Lacks
d.Stanley Prusiner
d.Stanley Prusiner
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, are caused by which of the following?
a.bacterium
b.fungus
c.prion
d.virus
c.prion