1. Grouping organisms into categories to show degrees of similarities is called
a. Systematics b. Taxonomy c. Hierarchy d. Nomenclature
B. taxonomy
Which of the following statements describes the Domain Bacteria?
a. They are multicellular b. They have linear chromosomes c. They have prokaryotic cells d. That have eukaryotic cells
C. They have prokaryotic cells
What process can be used to increase the amount of microbial DNA to levels that can be tested
by gel electrophoresis? a. Phage typing b. DNA fingerprinting c. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) d. Western blotting
C. PCR
Treating DNA from different bacteria with the same restriction enzymes followed by separation
of the fragments by electrophoresis is known as a. DNA base composition b. DNA fingerprinting c. The nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) d. Ribotyping
B.DNA fingerprinting
5. Which of the following techniques can identify antibodies in a patient's serum?
a. Flow cytometry b. Southern blotting c. Western blotting d. Phage typing
C. Western Blotting
The test that involves a reaction between known antibodies and an unknown bacterium is known as a. ELISA b. Phage typing c. Flow cytometry d. Southern blotting
A. ELISA
Genetically related groups of eukaryotes that share a common ancestor are known as
a. Species b. Clones c. Strains d. Clades
D. Clades
Which one of the following do NOT apply to eukaryotic cells?
a. Contain 80S ribosomes b. Have histones c. Have circular chromosomes d. Exhibit growth via mitosis
C. Have circular chromosomes
Organisms that can form thin tubes called hyphae belong in the Kingdom
a. Animalia b. Fungi c. Plantae d. Protista
B. Fungi
. Historically, eukaryotic organisms that did NOT fit into other kingdoms were placed into which
kingdom? a. Protista b. Fungi c. Plantae d. Animalia
A. Protista
. Fossil evidence indicates that prokaryotic cells first existed on Earth ___________years ago.
a. 3.5 billion b. 3.5 million c. 350,000 d. 3500
a. 3.5 billion
12. In the scientific name Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus is the A. class b. Genus c. Species epithet d. Family
b. genus
13. A clone is
a. The same as a species
b. A population of cells with similar characteristics c. A freely interbreeding population d. A population of cells derived from a single parent cell
d. a population of cells derived from a single parent cell
14. The two domains of prokaryotes are a. Bacteria and Archaea
b. Bacteria and Fungi c. Archaea and Fungi d. Bacteria and Protist
a. bacteria and archae
5. Which of the following bacteria LACKS a cell wall?
a. Borrelia b. Clostridium c. Mycoplasma
d. Mycobacterium
C. Mycoplasma
.Which one of the following is NOT a category of Archaea?
a. Halophiles b. Pathogens c. Thermophiles d. Acidophiles
B. pathogens
. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria that infect the roots of leguminous plants are known as
a. Nanobacteria b. Cyanobacteria c. Pseudomonads d. Rhizobia
d. rhizobia
The largest bacterium discovered, found in sediments of the coastal waters off Namibia, belongs to the genus
a. Mycobacterium b. Pseudomonas c. Thiomargarita
d. Staphylococcus
c. Thiomargarita
Alphaproteobacteria often have stalk-like or budlike protrusions known as
a. Axial filaments b. Myxospores c. Prosthecae d. Elementary bodies
c. prosthecae
Which of the following is NOT a member of the order Enterobacteriales?
a. Pseudomonas b. Escherichia c. Salmonella
d. Shigella
a. pseudomonas
The MOST common infectious genus in the world which ONLY lives inside the cells of insects is
a. Coxiella b. Brucella c. Wolbachia
d. Bartonella
c. Wolbachia
The phylogenetic relationship among proteobacteria is based on ________studies.
a. rRNA b. mRNA c. DNA d. tRNA
a. rRNA
Which of the following causes syphilis?
a. Treponema pallidum b. Leptospira interrogans
c. Cytophaga spp.
d. Borrelia burgdorferi
a. Treponema Pallidum
Which of the following is NOT assigned to the phylum Firmicutes? a. Enterobacteriales b. Clostridiales c. Lactobacillales d. Mycoplasmatales
a. enterobacteriales
Which genus of bacteria is responsible for more illnesses and diseases than any other group of
bacteria?
a. Streptococcus b. Enterococcus c. Staphylococcus d. Bacillus
a. streptococcus
What is the common cause of yeast infections?
a. Aspergillus fumigatus b. Candida albicans c. Histoplasma capsulatum d. Penicillium chryosogenum
b. Candida albicans
Which of the following is the MOST common life-threatening infection in AIDS patients?
a. Aspergillus b. Candida c. Rhizopus
d. Pneumocystis
d. pneumocystis
What term refers to fungal infections deep within the body?
a. Systemic mycoses b. Cutaneous mycoses c. Subcutaneous mycoses d. Superficial mycoses
a. systemic mycoses
Algae with complex cell walls made of pectin and a layer of silica are
a. Diatoms b. Green algae c. Red algae d. Dinoflagellates
a. diatoms
Which type of algae can live at greater ocean depths than other algae? a. Blue algae b. Red algae c. Brown algae d. Green algae
b. red algae
31. The body of a multicellular algae is called a
a. Mycelium b. Hypha c. Pseudopod d. Thallus
d. thallus
Paralytic shellfish poisoning is caused by dinoflagellates that secrete a neurotoxin known as
a. Aflatoxin b. Endotoxin c. Exotoxin d. Saxitoxin
d. saxitoxin
The feeding or growing stage of a protozoan is called the
a. Merozoite b. Hypnozoite c. Trophozoite d. Sporozoite
c. trophozoite
Amebic dysentery is caused by which of the following human pathogens?
a. Acanthamoeba b. Naegleria c. Entamoeba d. Trichomonas
c. entamoeba
Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. Mosquito-epidemic typhus
b. Flea-plague c. Tick-Rocky Mountain spotted fever d. Mosquito-malaria
a. mosqutio- epidemic typhus
. The sexual reproduction of Plasmodium takes place in the gut of a a. Tick b. Mosquito c. Human d. Flea
b. mosquito
Which of the following is the vector of Lyme disease?
a. Tick b. Head louse c. Mite d. Mosquito
a. tick
Arthropods that carry pathogenic microorganisms are called
a. Vehicles b. Vectors c. Fomites d. Reservoirs
b. vectors
Which of the following is TRUE regarding viruses? a. Virions contain both DNA and RNA
b. They multiply by binary fission c. They are sensitive to antibiotics d. They are not composed of cells
d. they are not composed of cells
Which of the following is NOT a morphological type of virus?
a. Helical b. Polymorphic c. Polyhedral d. Enveloped
b. polymorphic
Viruses that infect bacteria are called
a. Bacteriophages b. Prions c. Viroids d. Antisense viruses
a. bacteriophages
Capsids are composed of protein subunits known as a. Capsomeres b. Spikes c. Envelopes d. Tail fibers
a. capsomeres
. It is hypothesized that viroids evolved from
a. Viruses b. Exons c. Introns d. Prions
c. introns
Prion diseases can be acquired via ALL of the following EXCEPT
a. Ingestion b. Inhalation c. Contaminated surgical instruments d. Transplanted nerve tissue
b. inhalation
Scrapie is an example of a ________ disease found in sheep and caused by a prion.
a. Neurological b. Gastrointestinal c. Respiratory d. Cardiovascular
a. neurological
Viroids infect a. Animals b. Protozoans c. Plants
d. Bacteria
c. plants
A viroid is a a. Provirus
b. Naked, infectious piece of RNA c. Capsid without a nucleic acid d. Complete, infectious virus particle
b. naked , infectious piece of RNA
What percentage of cancers are known to be virus-induced? a. 10% b. 25% c. 50% d. 100%
a. 10%
The ability of retroviruses to induce tumors is related to which enzyme?
a. Reverse transcriptase b. RNA polymerase c. DNA polymerase d. Protease
a. reverse transcriptase
Cancer-causing alterations to cellular DNA affect parts of the genome called
a. Introns b. Oncogenes c. Exons d. Promoters
b. oncogenes
Which of the following is NOT an effect of transformation? a. T antigens appear in the nucleus of the cell
b. Cells lose their ability to divide c. Cells tend to exhibit chromosomal abnormalities d. Tumor-specific transplantation antigens appear on the ce
b. cells lose their ability to divide.
Which of the following is an example of a latent viral infection in humans? a. Measles
b. HIV/AIDS c. Shingles d. Influenza
c. shingles