Who were the 4 social investigators?
Charles Booth
Seebohm Rowntree
William & Catherine Booth
Why did Charles Booth began his research?
He refused to accept the official statistics that said that about 25% of working population were living in poverty.
What did Charles Booth discover?
Nearly 31% of Londoners were living below the 'poverty line'.
What was the poverty line?
When people don't have enough money to buy enough food, shelter and clothing.
What was Charles Booth born into?
A wealthy ship owning family from Liverpool.
How long did Charles Booth research?
What did he investigate?
Over 17 years.
The living conditions, income and spending of over 4000 people.
What did Charles divide people into?
Classes of poverty ranging from A-D.
Why did Seebohm Rowntree research into poverty?
He was interested in Charles Booth findings and wanted to see if it's the same in York.
What did Rowntree discover?
That 28% of people lived below Booth's line of poverty.
What did Rowntree divide the poverty line into?
Primary Poverty and Secondary Poverty
What was Primary Poverty?
No matter how hard the family worked they would never earn enough to provide food, shelter and clothing.
What was secondary poverty?
Families that could just about feed, clothe and shelter themselves. They were living on the edge.
Who created the Salvation Army?
William & Catherine Booth
What did William and Catherine Booth focus on?
Those at the lower end of the poverty scale.
What did William and Catherine Booth create?
Circles of Poverty which included layers.
What were the 3 layers of poverty?
Big layer - The starving and homeless, but honest poor.
Medium layer- Those who live by vice
Small layer- Those who live by crime