Medical Terminology - Reproductive System

gonad

produces the reproductive cell

uro/genital

pertaining to urinary and the reproductive system

gynecology

medical specialty that treats diseases of the female reproductive organs

fulva

vulv/o

vulv/ar

pertaining to the vulva

skin folds

lavia, majora and the labia minora

labia minora

the smaller pair of skin folds

labia majora

the larger pair of skin folds

prepuse

fold of skin that forms a retractable cover

para/urethral glands

gland that is located near the urethra

vestibule

any space or cavity at the entrance to a canal

Bartholin glands

the greater vestibular gland that produce a mucus-like secretion for lubrication during sexual intercorse

perineum

the area between the vaginal opening and the anus

perine/al

pertaining to the perineum

uterus

a muscular organ that prepares to receive and nurture the fertilized ovum

cervic/o

neck; uterine cervix

colp/o

vagina

vagin/o

vagina

genit/o

organ of reporduction

hyster/o, uter/o

uterus

metr/o

measure, uterine tissue

oophor/o, ovari/o

ovary

perine/o

perineum

salping/o

fallopian tube

vulv/o

vulva

lapar/o

abdominal wall

men/o

month

o/o

egg (ovum)

top/o

place or position

-tropin

that which stimulates

ovari/an

pertaining to the ovary

uterine

pertaining to the uterus

colpo/cyst/itis

inflammation of the vagina and urinary bladder

fundus

the upper bulging surface of the uterus

cervix

the nexk itself or part of an organ resembles a neck

cervix uteri

lower neck-like portion of the uterus

cervico/colp/itis

the inflammation of the cervix uteri and the vagina

metr/itis

inflammation of the uterine tissue

peri/metr/ium

the outer layer of the uterus

myo/metr/ium

the thick muscle wall of the uterus

endo/metr/ium

the inner layer, mucus memberane, of the uterus

menstrual cycle

a monthly cycle of growth and discharge

puberty

the statge of development when genitalia reach maturity and secondary sex characteristics appear

menarch

the first occurrences of menstruation

menopause; climacteric

the natural cessation of reproductive cycles and menstuation with decline orf reproductive hormones in later years

menstruation

periodic month bloody discharge from the shedding of the endometrium

graafian follicle

a small ovarian recess or pit that contains fluid and surrounds an ovum (egg)

ovulation

the release of the ovum from the follicle

corpus luteum

yellow body

menses

the normal flow of blood during menstruation when fertilization has not occured

oogenesis

origin or beginning

estroge

initial hormone that causes thickening of the endometrium

vaginal speculum

instrument to allow examination of the cervix and the wall of the vagina

cyto/logy

study of cells

papanicolaou (pap) smear

materials are collected from areas of the body that shed cells

dysplasia

difficulty + plasia, development

trichomonas

a vaginal and urethral parasite, yeast infection

gonodo/tropin

gonad/o + tropin, that which stimulates; hormone that stimulates the gonads

colposcopy

involves the use of a lower-poered microscope to magnify the mucosa of the vagina and cervix

cervical biopsy

removal of tissue from the cervix

endometrial biopsy

collection of tissue from the lining of the uterus

hysteroscopy

direct visual inspection of the cervical canal and uterine cavity an edndoscope

hysero/salpingo/graphy

a radiologic examination of the uterus and the fallopian tubes

hysterosalpingogram

record that is produced in hysterosalpinggraphy

laparo/scopy

examination of the abdominal cavity with a laprascope

chorion

membrane that develops around the fertilized embryo

rapid plasma reagin

blood test to detect and monitor syphilis

gram stain

slide-staining technique that helps identify bacteria

wet mounts

direct microscopic examination of fluid

speculum

an instrument used to examine the vagina and cervix walls

menorrhea

normal menstruation

menorrhagia

abnormally heavy or long menstrual periods

a/menorrhea

absence of a menstruation

dys/menorrhea

difficult menstruation

mittelschmerz

abdominal pains in the region of an ovary during ovulation

PMS

premenstrual syndrome, nervous tension irritability, edema, headache, and painful breast before the onset of menustration

cervic/itis

inflammation of the cervix uteri

vagin/itis

inflammation of the vaginal tissue

colp/itis

same as vagin/itis

vulv/itis

inflammation of the vulva

Vulvo/vaginitis

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

candidiasis

condition caused by candida

oophor/algia

ovarian pain

oophoro/salping/itis

inflammation of the ovary and the fallopian tube

polycistic ovary syndrome

a hormonal disturbance characterized by anovulation, amenorrhea, and infertility, numerous cysts

salpingo/cele

a hernial protrusion of a fallopian tube

salpingitis

inflammation of the fallopian tube

ectopic pregnancy

on in which a fertilizer ovum implants somewhere outside the uterine cavity

PID

pelvic inflammation disease is were the fallopian tubes are infected

TSS

Toxic shock syndrome, sudden fever, headache, confusion, acute renal failure and abnormal liver functions

retro/version

when the uterus is pipped backward and is the opposite of anteversiona

anteflexion

a bending forward of the uterus

uterine leiomyoma

leio-smooth+myo, muscle = oma, tumor, a benign tumore occuring in the uterous, a uterine fibroid

cervical polyps

benign lesions attached to the cervix

endometritis

inflammation of the endometrium

edometriosis

abnormal condition in which tissue that contains typical endometrial elements is present outside the uterus

leuko/rrhea

white discharge before or after the menstrual period

colpo/dynia

pain in the vagina

fistula

abnormal opening between the vagina and the urethra, bladder or rectum

cysto/cele

cyst/o, bladder + =-cele, herniation

recto/cele

weakening between the vagina and the rectum

HRT

hormone replacement therapy

vulv/ectomy

excision of the vulva

vaginectomy and colpectomy

removal of all or part of the vagina

oophor/ectomy

surgical excision of one or both ovaries

hyster/ectomy

removal of the uterus

oophorosalphingectomy

removal of the uterus, both ovaries and both the fallopian tubes

abdominal hysterectomy

removal of the uterus through an incision in the abdominal wall

pelvic exenteration

removal of all pelvic organs

colpo/hyster/ectomy

removal of the uterus by the wall of the vagina

vaginal hysterectomy

uterus is removed through the vagina

salpingectomy

surgical removal of one or both fallopian tubes

tubal ligation

a sterilization procedure in which both uterine tubes are constricted, severed or crushed to prevent conception

salpingostomy

making a new opening into the uterine tube

D&C

dilation and curettage, a procedure the cervix is dialated to allow the insertion of a curret into the uterus

cryo/therapy

treatment using subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue

condyloma acuminatum

vaginal warts

cauterization

to burn tissue by lazer

hysteropexy

surgical fixation of a displaced uterus

sapingopexy

surgical fixation of a fallopian tube

balan/o

glands penis

epididym/o

efididymis

orchi/o, orchido/o

testicles

test/o, testicul/o

testicles

pen/o

penis

prostat/o

prostate

scrot/o

scrotum

vas/o

vessel; ductus deferens

sperm/o, spermat/o

spermatozoa

prepuce

foreskin covers the glans penis

epidiymis

tightly coiled comma-shaped organ located along the superior and posterior margins of the testes

ductus deferens

vas deferens

ejaculation

the expulsion of semen from the urethra

pen/ile

pertaining to the peis

testosterone

major male sex hormone

spermatogenesis

the production of sperm

testicle

the structure that is responsible for sperm production

seminiferous tubules

where the sperm is produced

PSA

a blood test used to screen for prostatic cancer

varic/o

twisted and swollen

oligo/sperm/ia

insufficient sperm in the semen

a/spermato/genesis

absence fo sperm

a/zoo/spermia

absence of living sperm

erectile dysfunction

male impotence

crypt/orchid/ism

developmental defect characterized by the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum

test/algia

testicular pain

orchiopathy

disease of the testes

anorchidism

congenital absence of testes

orchiditis or orchitis

inflammation of the testis

epididym/itis

inflammation of the epididymis

hydro/cele

a mass usually filled with straw-colored fluid

spermato/cele

a mass that contains sperm, painless

varico/cele

cluster of dilated veins that occurs above the testis

phimosis

occurs when the prepuce is constricted at the opening so that it cannot be retracted back over the glans penis

BPH

benign prostatic hyperplasia

prostatic carcinoma

cancer of the prostate

urology

the branch of medicine that specializes in the male and female urinary tract and also includes male reproductive structures

torsion

axial rotation of the spermatic cord

orchiectomy

excision of the testis

orchioplast

surgical repair of the testicle

orchiopexy

corrective surgery for cryptochidsm

ablation

removal or excision of a growth on any part of the body

vas/ectomy

excision of a portion of the vas deferens

vaso/tomy

incision of the vas deferens

vaso/vaso/stomy

reversal of a vasectomy

Cx

cervix

FSH

follicle-stimulating hormone

GYN

gynecology

LH

luteinizing hormone

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease