into to journalism- terms to know for the 1st test

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

School newspapers do not qualify as public forums, so censorship by the school administration does not violate students' rights to free speech.

Tinker Decision

1969 Supreme Court decision that gave students the freedom of speech unless it was libelous, obscene, an invasion of privacy, or "materially and substantially" disruptive of school.

Yellow Journalism

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Ex. magazines that exploit celebs

sedition

rebellion or resistance against the government

fair comment

a libel defense that protects a journalist's expressed opinion of public figures or reviews of books, records, and the like

news judgement

the ability to determine which stories are most interesting and important to readers

Libel

a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation.

Objectivity

treating facts without influence from personal feelings or prejudices. not being bias.

Accuracy

making sure the story contains accurate and true information

Reliability

consistently having accurate information

Slander

False charges and malicious oral statements about someone

attribution

always identify where the information came from.

forum theory

the idea that once a forum is created, the ideas expressed there cannot later be controlled

wire service

developed with the telegraph. The beginning of the associated press.

Publick Occurrences

America's first newspaper

The Boston News Letter

2nd paper. published by authority (supervised by gov.)

Hamilton and Zenger court case

Zenger criticized gov. won over the jury because he convinced them they people need more freedom from the gov.

Effect of the Telegraph - inverted pyramid writing

Started with the civil war because they needed short messages. Inverted pyramid writing- lead and most important stuff first in case the rest got cut off, the message would still be there.