Battle of Bull Run Generals
Union: Irvin McDowell
Confederacy: P.G.T Beauregard, Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson (Robert E. Lee is in charge of the entire Confederate army)
Where was the Battle of Bull Run
Manassas, Virginia at Bull Run Creek
When was the Battle of Bull Run
July 1861
Why did the Battle of Bull Run take place
The Union wanted to cut the railroad at Manassas and then work their way to Richmond, Virginia.
What happened at the Battle of Bull Run
-Rose Greenhow notified the Confederacy of the Union's plans.
-Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson orders his men to charge at the inexperienced Union troops and "yell like furies".
-The Confederacy wins; the Union is totally embarrassed.
Unions Ship
Monitor
Confederates Ship
Merrimack
Where did the Clash of the Ironclads take place
Off the coast of Hampton Roads, Virginia (Chesapeake Bay)
When was the Clash of the Ironclads
March 8-9 1862
Why did the Clash of Ironclads take place
The Confederacy bolted iron plates onto a wooden ship (Merrimack), making the strongest war ship at the time. The Union responded by building a ship entirely out of iron that featured two guns mounted on a revolving turret.
What happened at the Clash of the Ironclads
The outcome of the battle between the two ships was a draw, but the Confederates would later blow the Merrimack up rather than surrender to the Union.
Battle of Antietam Generals
Union: George B. McClellan
Confederacy: Robert E. Lee
Where was the Battle of Antietam
Antietam, Maryland
When was the Battle of Antietam
September 17, 1862
Why did the Battle of Antietam take place
The Confederacy believed that if they won a battle on Union sol, European nations would support them and Maryland would secede from the Union and join the Confederacy.
What happened at the Battle of Antietam
? Bloodiest single day of the Civil War.
? Union claims victory because Lee retreats back into Virginia,
but both sides experience significant losses.
? George McClellan is fired after the battle for NOT pursuing
Robert E. Lee.
? President Lincoln issues
Battle of Fredericksburg Generals
Union: Ambrose Burnside
Confederacy: Robert E. Lee
Where was the Battle of Fredericksburg
Fredericksburg, Virginia
When was the Battle of Fredericksburg
December 1862
Why did the Battle of Fredericksburg take place
Fredericksburg was a key Confederate transportation hub that was located midway between Washington and Richmond
What happened at the Battle of Fredericksburg
? The War Department failed Ambrose Burnside and made him
wait 17 days for pontoon bridges to arrive.
?While Burnside and the Union Army waited, Robert E. Lee took 75,000 of his troops and dug into the crest of a hill in
Fredericksburg (Marye's Heights).
Outcome of the Battle of Fredericksburg
? It was the most devastating defeat for the Union.
?The Union will later use the terrible defeat at Fredericksburg as
inspiration at Gettysburg
Battle of Chancellorsville Generals
Union: Joseph Hooker
Confederacy: Robert E. Lee
Where was the Battle of Chancellorsville
Chancellorsville, Virginia
When was the Battle of Chancellorsville
May 1863
Why did the Battle of Chancellorsville take place
Hooker wanted to weaken Lee's army still at Fredericksburg
What happened at the Battle of Chancellorsville
Hooker's plan was to fake an attack on the Confederate army still at Fredericksburg and take the rest of his army to attack Lee's army from the rear. Lee was able to divide up his army twice and defeat Hooker's unprepared army.
Outcome of the Battle of Chancellorsville
Lee's most brilliant- he splits his army up twice and outmaneuvers the Union army despite being outnumbered 2 to 1
significance of the Battle of Chancellorsville
? Lee's most brilliant victory
? Stonewall Jackson will die at the end of this battle. He will be
shot twice in the left arm by his own men and will have his arm amputated. A few days later, he will die from complications from pneumonia.
Battle of Gettysburg Generals
Union: George Meade
Confederacy: Robert E. Lee, George Pickett
Where was the Battle of Gettysburg
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
When was the Battle of Gettysburg
July 1-3 1863
Why did the Battle of Gettysburg take place
? There was a rumor that a supply of shoes was located in
Gettysburg
? Lee wanted to take the fighting away from war-torn Virginia
? Lee wanted a victory on Union soil
What happened at the Battle of Gettysburg
-The Confederacy invaded the Union for a second time.
On the third day of the battle, Lee ordered George Pickett's division to charge at the the Union center. This proved to be an incredible mistake.
Outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg
The Union won its greatest victory to date
significance of the Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the Civil War:
? Lee's army will be weakened beyond recovery.
? After Gettysburg, the Confederacy will only fight on their soil
(defensive battles).
Battle of Vicksburg Generals
Union: Ulysses S. Grant
Confederacy: John C. Pemberton
Where was the Battle of Vicksburg
Vicksburg, Mississippi
When was the Battle of Vicksburg
May-July 4 1863
Why did the Battle fo Vicksburg take place
Vicksburg was the final city under Confederate control along the Mississippi River
What happened at the Battle of Vicksburg
The Union army laid a siege to Vicksburg for six weeks. Civilians in Vicksburg survived by living in caves and surviving on any food they could get their hands on
Outcome of the Battle of Vicksburg
After a six week siege of the town, Vicksburg finally surrendered on July 4, 1863
significance of the Battle of Vicksburg
The Union was now able to control the Mississippi River and divided the Confederacy in half. The Union was able to accomplish two parts of the Anaconda Plan