Chapters 4-8 (Novel: Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry)

butter churn

a device in which milk or cream is mixed to make butter

W.E.B. Du Bois

A Harvard trained professional who called for equal rights immediately for African Americans. He founded the NAACP that aimed to help African Americans improve.

mercantile

market or general store

tarring and feathering

form of public humiliation and punishment, usually carried out by a mob, in which the victim is first covered in tar, then feathers.

carpetbaggers

A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states

Reconstruction Era

The era following the Civil War where Radical Republicans initiated changes in the South that gave newly freed slaves additional economic, social, and political rights. These changes were greatly resented by many Southerners, causing the creation of organ

Aesop' Fables

-stories that teach moral lessons (animals)

The Count of Monte Cristo Novel

The identity that Dantes assumes when he inherits his enormous fortune; he is usually cold and sarcastically bitter

The Three Musketeers novel

1844 novel (originally serialized) that combines historical fiction with the romantic. It follows a poor young nobleman named d'Artagnan in his quest to become a Musketeer. In the process he befriends the Three Musketeers Athos, Porthos, and Aramis, and t

retaliate

to pay back an injury

malevolently

with evil intent

flail

to swing about wildly

unmercifully

showing no mercy or compassion

sass

to talk back; to speak disrespectfully

aloofness

a disposition to be distant and unsympathetic in manner

audible

able to be heard

awestruck

filled with wonder mixed with fear

candidly

Honestly

condone

to overlook, pardon, or disregard

denote

(v) be a name or symbol for

disclose

to reveal, make public

dumfounded

stunned, speechless

falter

hesitate

feign

To fake

insolently

in a way that is insulting or rude

intermingle

To mix or become mixed together

nattily

in a way that is neat and trim

patronize

be a regular customer or client of

reprimand

v. To scold in a harsh or formal manner

sulk

to be withdrawn, as a silent treatment

vanity

excessive pride in or admiration of one's own appearance or achievements

vex

to annoy or bother someone

wizened

withered, dried up