The offspring produced via sexual reproduction are genetically ________ to the parents.
identical
parsimonious
unique
indifferent
unique
Upon fertilization, the egg and sperm fuse to form a single cell called a(n) ________.
zygote
gonad
embryo
gamete
zygote
Dead or damaged cells are replaced by the process of ________.
binary fission
mitosis
meiosis
fertilization
mitosis
When one cell goes through cell division, it produces ________.
four identical cells
four different cells
two identical cells
two different cells
two identical cells
Human white blood cells are often multinucleated (in other words, have more than one nucleus). How many chromosomes would be present in a w3hite blood cell with two nuclei?
184
46
92
It varies depending on gender.
92
How much of your DNA is identical to that of another person of the same sex?
99.9%
78%
99.5%
90%
99.5%
Is the number of chromosomes in each cell of an organism a good indicator of the complexity of that organism?
Yes, the number of chromosomes indicates how complex an organism is.
No, the number of chromosomes does not indicate how complex an organism is.
No, the number of chromosomes does not indicate how complex an organism is.
DNA plus its associated proteins is called a ________.
genome
gene
centromere
chromatin
chromatin
Name the part of the chromosome indicated by the arrow.
There is a micrograph of a chromosome. It consists of 2 DNA molecules which are joined together in the center of each other. This central part is indicated by an arrow.
Sister chromatid
Centromere
Mi
Centromere
Genes are located on ________.
the centromere
mitosis
chromosomes
the cytoplasm
chromosomes
What are attached at the centromere?
Genomes
Daughter cells
Homologous chromosomes
Sister chromatids
Sister chromatids
What type of cells do not undergo mitosis?
Gametes
All cells of the body except gametes (i.e., only somatic cells)
Both somatic cells of the body and gametes
Neither somatic cells of the body nor gametes
Gametes
During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes duplicated?
Mitosis
Interphase
Meiosis
Cytokinesis
Interphase
How many chromosomes would a typical human cell have after mitosis but before cytokinesis?
46
92
0
23
92
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events during mitosis?
Chromosomes line up, nuclear membrane forms, nuclear membrane dissolves, chromosomes split
Chromosomes split, nuclear membrane dissolves, nuclear membrane forms, chromosomes line up
Nuclear membrane dissolves, chromosomes line up, chromosomes split, nuclear membrane forms
What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?
The nucleus must divide in two.
The sister chromatids must be separated.
The nuclear envelope must break up.
The chromosomes must be duplicated.
A mitotic spindle must form.
The chromosomes must be duplicated.
The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?
Interphase
Telophase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Prophase
The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Interphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Metaphase
The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Metaphase
Interphase
Anaphase
The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?
Metaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Interphase
Anaphase
Telophase
At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called _________________.
cytokinesis
meiosis
condensation
replication
telophase
cytokinesis
What specifically separates during mitosis?
Homologous chromosomes
Sister chromatids
The cytoplasm
The genome
Sister chromatids
What causes the furrow during cleavage?
A loss of water occurs.
A ring of contractile protein fibers pinches the cell in two.
It is a depression caused by the formation of a new cell wall.
Connecting proteins that had been binding adjacent cells together
A ring of contractile protein fibers pinches the cell in two.
When does the cell plate form during cell division?
At the completion of plant cell mitosis
In the middle of plant cell mitosis
At the completion of animal cell mitosis
In the middle of animal cell mitosis
At the completion of plant cell mitosis
A zygote (i.e., a fertilized egg) undergoes development to grow. What mechanism is used to generate more cells?
Fertilization
Mitosis
Binary fission
Meiosis
Mitosis
How many chromosomes did you inherit from your father?
23
2
24
46
23
If a human diploid cell and a human haploid cell somehow managed to fuse together and not lose any of the chromosomes, how many sets of chromosomes would be inside the newly formed cell?
2
3
1.5
2.5
3
What is the gender of the person indicated in the photograph?
The figure shows a micrograph of a karyotype of a human. It has 44 somatic chromosomes and 2 X chromosomes.
Male
Female
Cannot be determined
Female
If a cell had 12 chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis II, how many would each daughter cell have after the completion of meiosis II?
24
12
18
6
12
If mitosis makes somatic cells, what does meiosis make?
Body cells
Nerve cells
Heart cells
Sex cells
...