a flowering plant
angiosperm
has 2 seed leaves
dicot
evaporation from leaves
transpiration
female part of the flower
pistil
has 1 seed leaf
monocot
male part of the flower
stamen
absorbs nutrients
roots
encloses the seeds (develops from the ovary)
fruit
waxy covering
cuticle
main root (small roots branch from it)
taproot
means "naked seed
gymnosperm
protects the flower
sepal
photosynthetic organ
leaf
process by which plants make their food
photosynthesis
openings for gas exchange
stomata
transports water
xylem
transports food
phloem
insects that help pollinate
bees
reproductive organ of plants
flower
type of stem found in trees
woody
What is the difference between plants and most green algae?
plants are multicellular
Why are most plants and some algae green?
they contain chlorophyll
The first true plants were probably most similar to modern...
mosses
Seed plants do not rely on standing water to reproduce. They rely on...
pollination
What would happen if a plant's vascular system contained only xylem?
the vascular system would be unable to transport the products of photosynthesis
What is the function of the vascular tissue?
transport water and nutrients to all parts of the plant
Transpiration lowers the pressure in the leaf xylem, creating a vacuum that...
pulls water upward
Primary growth increases a plant's...
length
Roots absorb water partly through tiny extensions of dermal cells called...
root hairs
What does one ring in a tree represent?
one year of growth
The blade of a leaf is connected to the stem by a thin stalk called a...
petiole
The functions of plant stems include providing support, transporting water materials, and...
forming a vascular cylinder
Which leaf adaptations occur to minimize water loss in both desert and cold dry climates?
needles and spines
The upper surfaces of leaves are used mainly for...
light gathering
Water loss is not a problem for what group of plants?
aquatic plants
In what structure are the small grains falling out of the picture produced?
the anthers on the stamens
What happens to the guard cells when a plant is losing water from the transpiration faster than it is gaining water at its roots?
they deflate and close the stomata
What would happen if you removed the cuticle from a plant's leaves?
the leaves would dry out and the plant would die
Trees and most other woody plants are...
herbaceous
The study of plants is called...
botany
The thin stalk that attaches a leaf to a stem is called a...
petiole
What substances most commonly move in the direction from C to A in the plant?
water and mineral nutrients
Colorful fragrant flowers are most likely pollinated by...
animals
Seedless plants disperse to new areas using...
spores
Pollination occurs when pollen meets
female reproductive parts of the same plant species
Seed plants whose seeds are not enclosed in fruit are...
gymnosperms
Fleshy fruits often play a role in seed dispersal when they are...
eaten and discarded by animals
How many seed leaves do dicots have?
2
Why have plants been described as "stationary animals that eat sunlight"?
plants and animals differ in their abilities to move and get food
How would flowering plants be affected if bees and butterflies became less common?
they would be pollinated less often
You are examining a flowering plant that has parallel veins and scattered vascular tissue. To which group does it most likely belong?
monocots
Suppose you are planting a garden. You want to plant only once and not have to replace plants every year or two. What types of plants should you use?
perennials
What is inside a seed?
a plant embryo and a food supply