Symmetric Key Encryption
A class of algorithms for cryptography that use trivially related, often identical, cryptographic keys for both decryption and encryption.
Asymmetric Key Encryption
A cryptographic approach, employed by many cryptographic algorithms and cryptosystems, whose distinguishing characteristic is the use of asymmetric key algorithms instead of or in addition to symmetric key algorithms.
Hybrid Cryptosystem
Combines the convenience of a public-key cryptosystem with the efficiency of a symmetric-key cryptosystem.
Public Key Cryptography
The distinguishing technique used in public key-private key cryptography is use of asymmetric key algorithms because the key used to encrypt a message is not the same as the key used to decrypt it.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
A set of hardware, software, people, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, store, distribute, and revoke digital certificates. In cryptography, a PKI is an arrangement that binds public keys with respective user identities by means of a certi
Certificate of Authority
An entity that issues digital certificates for use by other parties. It is an example of a trusted third party. CAs are characteristic of many public key infrastructure (PKI) schemes.
There are many commercial CAs that charge for their services. There are
Digital Certificate
A public key certificate (or identity certificate) is an electronic document which utilizes a digital signature to bind together a public key with an identity - information such as the name of a person or an organization, their address, and so forth. The
Digital Signature
A digital signature or digital signature scheme is a type of asymmetric cryptography. For messages sent through an insecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender.
One-time Pad
an encryption algorithm where the plaintext is combined with a random key or "pad" that is as long as the plaintext and used only once.
Block Cipher
A symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation.
Steam Cipher
A symmetric key cipher where plaintext bits are combines with a pseudorandom cipher bit stream (keystream), typically by an exclusive-or (xor) operation. In a stream cipher the plaintext digits are encrypted one at a time, and the transformation of succes
Key Stream
A stream of random pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message (the ciphertext). The "characters" in the keystream can be bits, bytes, numbers or actual characters like A-Z depending on the usage case
Brute Force Attack
Using all possible character combinations until a match for the password is found.
Dictionary Attack
Using each entry in a word list until a match for the password is found.
Hashing
Applying a mathematical formula to a piece of text to get a shorter number or string.
One Way Hash
A hash where the original string the hash was derived from can not be easily found by a simple method.
Plain Text
The un-obfuscated or un-encrypted form of a string. Opposite of cipher text.
Reversible Encryption (Obfuscation)
Encryption that is easily reversed if the algorithm is known.
Salt
A number used to seed a hashing or encryption algorithm to add to the possible number of outcome ciphertexts.
Non-repudiation
The concept of ensuring that a party in a dispute cannot repudiate, or refute the validity of a statement or contract. Although this concept can be applied to any transmission, including television and radio, by far the most common application is in the v
Symmetric
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DES/3DES
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AES
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Twofish
Blowfish
Serpent
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IDEA
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/RC4's, RC5, RC6
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RC4 is a Stream Cipher
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CAST
Asymmetric
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RSA
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El Gamal
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ECC Eliptic Curve
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Diffie-Helman Key Exchange Algorithm
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Paillier
Merkle-Helman
Cramer-Shoup
Hashing
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MD5 128 bit
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SHA-1 160
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HAVAL
PANAMA
RIPEMD
Tiger
WHIRLPOOL