Apostrophe
Exclamatory figure of speech; speaker breaks off from addressing one party and addresses a third party
Exemplum
Anecdote; brief story used to illustrate the moral message of a sermon; latin for "example"
(PT)
Middle English
the English language from c. 1150 to c. 1470; original way Chaucer wrote it
Mock-Epic (mock- heroic style)
Epic language applird to ordinary characters and trivial events; combination of lowly subject matter and impresivr drscriptiond to develop amusing, even ridiculous, contrast
Demonstrated in Nun's Priest's Tale
Fable
Brief tale that points out a moral turth and that usually features animals
(NPT)
Verbal Irony
the use of words to mean something different than what is said
Situational Irony
opposite of what is meant to happen occurs
Dramatic Irony
audience is aware of something that the characters are not
Direct Characterization
presents direcct statements about a character; author specifically states/reveals traits about a character; straight-forward; showing
Indirect Characterization
uses actions, thought, and dialogue to reveal a character's personality; author uses dialogue, appearance, actions, etc. to characterize a character
Independent clause
Expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself as a sentence
Subordinate Clause (aka dependent)
Does not express a complete thought amd cannot stand alone as a sentence
Noun clause
A subordinate clause that is used as a noun
Adverb clause
A subordinate clause that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb
Archetypal narrative elements
- characters, events, and other things that comes in threes
- a test of characters' moral fiber leading to their destiny
- a mysterious guide who helps point the way
- a just ending that rewards good or punishes evil
The Knight
Aristocracy; a man who respects chivalry and honor
- "A most distinguished man"
- "He had done nobly in his sovereign's war"
- "He wore a fustian tunic stained and dark with smudges where his armor had left mark"
- "He was of sovereign value in all eyes.
The Squire
Aristocracy; the knight's son, known as a lady's man
- "A lover and a cadet, a lad of fire"
- "Wonderful agility and strength"
- "Locks as curly as if they had been pressed"
- "He could make songs and poems and recite"
- "He was embroidered like a meadow
The Prioress (nun)
Aristocracy; a high-ranking nun and an elegant, delicate lady; she eats a lot (she's fat) so she is rich and greedy; represents the church (Chaucer saying church is rich and greedy too)
- "Her way of smiling very simple and coy."
- "And she spoke daintily
The Nun's Priest
Aristocracy; a priest who accompanies the nuns in their pilgrimage
The second nun
Aristocracy; a devout nun who believes that idleness leads to sin
The monk
Aristocracy; a lover of hunting (this book description criticizes church)
- "A manly man, to be an Abbot able; many a dainty horse he had in stable"
- "I saw his sleeves were garnished at the hand with fine gray fur, the finest in the land"
- "His head wa
The friar
Aristocracy; a talented and wealthy beggar; member of a religious order
- "A wanton [jolly] one and merry; A limiter, a very festive fellow"
- "He was a noble pillar to his Order. Highly beloved and intimate was he"
- "He was an easy man in penance-giving
The cook
Middle class; a man skilled as a chef, stood alone
- "He could distinguish London ale by flavor, and he could roast and seethe and broil and fry"
- "That he should have an ulcer on his knee. As for blancmange, he made it with the best
The shipman (skipper/sailor)
Middle class; a world-class traveler from Dartmouth
- "A dagger on a lanyard falling free Hung from his neck under his arm and won. The summer heat had tanned his color brown, and certainly he was an excellent fellow"
- "He sent his prisoners home; they w
The physician (doctor)
Middle class; well-educated man
- "No one alive could talk as well as he did On points of medicine and of surgery"
- "He watched his patient's favorable star"
- "He was a perfect practicing physician"
- "He did not read the Bible very much"
- "He therefor
The wife of bath
Middle class; a woman who has five husbands
- "Somewhat deaf"
- "Her kerchiefs were of finely woven ground"
- "Bold was her face, handsome, and red in hue. A worthy woman all her life, what's more She'd had five husbands, all at the church door, Apart fro
The merchant
Upper class; a shrewd trader
- "with a forking beard And motley dress, high on his horse he sat"
- "He told of his opinions and pursuits In solemn tones, and how he never lost."
- "He was an expert at currency exchange"
- "He was so stately in negotiation
The man of law (Sergeant at/of the law)
Upper class; lawyer
- "Wary and wise"
- "Nowhere there was so busy a man as he; But was less busy than he seemed to be. He knew of every judgment, case and crime Recorded, ever since King William's time"
- "He wore a homely parti-colored coat
The clerk
Upper class; a lover of learning who spends all of his money in books
- "But had a hollow look, a sober stare; the thread upon his overcoat was bare"
- "By his bed he preferred having twenty books in read and black, of Aristotle's philosophy"
- "Whatever
The franklin
Upper class; a wealthy landowner and sheriff
- "A sanguine man, high-colored and benign"
- "As sheriff he check audit, every entry. He was a model among landed gentry"
- "He lived for pleasure and had always done"
- "He house was never short of bake-meat
The Guildsmen (haberdasher, carpenter, dyer, weaver, carpet-maker)
Lower class
- "so trim and fresh their gear would pass for new"
- "knives were not tricked out with brass but wrought with purest silver, which avouches a like display on girdles and on pouches
The parson
Virtuous lower class; a poor but virtuous preacher who is the model clergyman, humble and devoted to his flock
- "Yet he was rich in holy thought and work. He also was a learned man, a clerk, Who truly knew Christ's gospel and would preach it"
- "He found
The manciple
Degraded lower class; a steward for law school
- "He was never rash whether he bought on credit or paid cash. He used to watch the market most precisely And go in first, and so he did quite nicely. Now isn't it a marvel of God's grace that an illiterate f
The miller
Degraded lower class; a strong, vulgar dealer in grain
- "Chap of sixteen stone"
- "A great stout fellow big in brawn and bone"
- "His was a master-hand at stealing grain"
- "He wore a hood of blue and a white coat"
- "He liked to play his bagpipes up and
The Reeve
Degraded lower class; an old irritable estate manager
- "His beard was shaven closely to the skin, His shorn hair came abruptly to a stop Above his ears"
- "No auditor could gain a point on him And he could judge by watching drought and rain The yield he
The summoner
Lower class; scary man with carbuncles who calls people to church court
- "No quicksilver, lead ointments, tartar creams, Boracic, no, nor brimstone, so it seems could make a salve that had the power to bite or clean up or cure his whelks of knobbly white
The plowman
Virtuous lower class; came with is brother, good, honest man
- "He was an honest worker, good and true, Living in peace and perfect charity"
- "He would help the poor For love of Christ and never take a penny If he could help it"
- "He paid his tithes in
The pardoner
Degraded; greedy and used the name of the church to gain more money himself, hypocrite, sells relics and pardons
- "had hair as yellow as wax hanging down smoothly like a hank of flax in driblets fell his locks behind his head down to his shoulder which t
Sins that the three rioters commit
excess; homicide; wickedness; gluttony (and gambling); blasphemy (cursing)
Moral of the Nun's Priest's Tale
Be on your guard Against the flatterers of the world, or yard
Geoffrey Chaucer
born into middle class in 14th century, worked as a page for aristocrat, married lady-in-waiting to queen (Philippa Pan); began writing in his twenties; considered the "greatest English poet" in his time; buried in Westminster Abby
Harry Bailey
host
Canterbury
destination for pilgrims; sight of Tomas � Becket's murder (1170); people flocking their to pay their respects
April
best time of year to go on a pilgrimage
29
number of pilgrims on the journey
Sir Russel
name of the fox in NPT