Vocabulary for Science Quiz

Aerobic Respiration

The process of making energy using oxygen

Anaerobic Respiration

The process of making energy without oxygen, using carbon dioxide (fermentation)

ATP - Adenosine triphosphate

a chemical compound that cells use for energy.

Autotroph

An organism that manufactures its own food from inorganic substances such as Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, and sunlight.

BMR - Basal Metabolic Rate

The amount of energy an organisms uses at rest. Measured in kj per hour.

Carbohydrate

A type of carbon based molecule in living things. Includes sugars and starches used for structural materials. Contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Cellular Respiration

The process of metabolism in which cells obtain energy in the form of ATP by causing glucose and other food molecules to react with oxygen.

Chloroplast

An organelle in a plant cell that uses the energy from the sun to make sugar. This structure is only found in plant cells.

Energy

The strength required for sustained physical or mental activity

Enzyme

Type of protein that is a catalyst for chemical reactions in living things

Fatty acid

A carbon chain in lipids. If all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds it is a saturated fat (bad fat). if the bonds between carbons have double bonds it is unsaturated fat.

Fermentation

A chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present. (anaerobic)

Glucose

A sugar molecule that is a major energy source for photosynthesis.

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot manufacture its own food and instead obtains its food and energy by taking in organic substances, usually plant and animal matter.

Metabolism

The chemical process by which cells produce the substances and energy to sustain life.

Mitochondria

Organelle that release energy by using oxygen to break down sugars. This structure is found in both plant and animal cells.

Photosynthesis

The process by which some organisms use light energy to join carbon dioxide and water to make nutrients

Producer

An organism that captures energy from sunlight and transforms it into chemical energy. Producers are a source of food for other organisms.

Protein

A macro-molecule in living things that is made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. Protein control the chemical activity of a cell and support growth and repair.

Vitamins

Required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body

Aerobic Respiration

The process of making energy using oxygen

Anaerobic Respiration

The process of making energy without oxygen, using carbon dioxide (fermentation)

ATP - Adenosine triphosphate

a chemical compound that cells use for energy.

Autotroph

An organism that manufactures its own food from inorganic substances such as Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, and sunlight.

BMR - Basal Metabolic Rate

The amount of energy an organisms uses at rest. Measured in kj per hour.

Carbohydrate

A type of carbon based molecule in living things. Includes sugars and starches used for structural materials. Contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Cellular Respiration

The process of metabolism in which cells obtain energy in the form of ATP by causing glucose and other food molecules to react with oxygen.

Chloroplast

An organelle in a plant cell that uses the energy from the sun to make sugar. This structure is only found in plant cells.

Energy

The strength required for sustained physical or mental activity

Enzyme

Type of protein that is a catalyst for chemical reactions in living things

Fatty acid

A carbon chain in lipids. If all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds it is a saturated fat (bad fat). if the bonds between carbons have double bonds it is unsaturated fat.

Fermentation

A chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present. (anaerobic)

Glucose

A sugar molecule that is a major energy source for photosynthesis.

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot manufacture its own food and instead obtains its food and energy by taking in organic substances, usually plant and animal matter.

Metabolism

The chemical process by which cells produce the substances and energy to sustain life.

Mitochondria

Organelle that release energy by using oxygen to break down sugars. This structure is found in both plant and animal cells.

Photosynthesis

The process by which some organisms use light energy to join carbon dioxide and water to make nutrients

Producer

An organism that captures energy from sunlight and transforms it into chemical energy. Producers are a source of food for other organisms.

Protein

A macro-molecule in living things that is made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. Protein control the chemical activity of a cell and support growth and repair.

Vitamins

Required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body