captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food for plant cells
chloroplast
controls what comes into and out of the cell; is found in plant and animal cells
cell membrane
gel-like fluid where organelles are found
cytoplasm
found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
nucleolus
ridged outer layer of a plant cell; provides additional support/structure
cell wall
uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
lysosome
receives proteins and materials, modifies them, packages and distributes them
golgi
produces energy a cell needs to carry out its functions
mitochondria
assembles amino acids to make proteins
ribosomes
transport network for proteins
rough endoplasmic reticulum
part of the cell responsible for controlling the cells functions
nucleus
in plants, stores water, salts, toxins, pigments etc
vacuole
provides internal support for the cell
cytoskeleton
Match the description with the correct type of cell - plant, animal or bacteria (prokaryote)
...
no cell wall, has flexible cell membrane
animal
vacuole, chloroplasts and cell membrane
plant
cell wall, nucleus, ER, ribosomes present
plant
Match the description with the correct type of cell - either Prokaryote or Eukaryote.
...
no nucleus
prokaryote
nucleus present
eukaryote
has many different organelles (golgi, ER, mitochondria etc)
eukaryote
small (usually single celled)
prokaryote
large & complex
eukaryote
bacteria
prokaryote
plants, animals, fungus etc
eukaryote
In active transport, molecules move from an area of ______________ concentration to an area of ____________ concentration.
Low ; High
Which of these transport processes requires an input of energy from the cell?
active transport
The process by which cells expel, or secrete, large molecule is known as...
exocytosis
The process of taking materials into the cell by means of pockets of the cell membrane is NOT called...
exocytosis
Which scientist is NOT associated with the study of cells?
Einstein
Which of the following is NOT a part of the cell theory?
all organisms contain prokaryotic cells
According to the Cell Theory.....
the cell is the basic unit of structure in living things
In lab, we put a tubing with starch & glucose solution into a beaker of water. Which is true about the lab results ?
glucose was able to pass through the tubing because it was small enough
In lab, we put a tubing with starch solution into a beaker of water and iodine. The tubing turned purple/black. What caused the color change?
iodine was able to pass through the tubing
One type of endocytosis, shown below engulfing a solid particle, is called
phagocytosis
How does a cell take in large liquid molecules?
by pinocytosis
Facilitated diffusion _____ require energy and uses the help of ______
does not, protein channels
When a molecule enters a cell via a protein channel in the membrane, it has undergone:
facilitated diffusion
Which of the following lists the levels of organization from largest to smallest?
organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle
Define lipid bilayer
hydrophobic tails inside the membrane; hydrophilic heads on the outside of the membrane
When salt is poured on a slug, it dies because
water moves out of the slug, causing dehydration
Why does misting fruits and vegetables with water help them look fresh?
vacuoles fill with water due to osmosis
A chamber is set up with a semi permeable membrane in between. The membrane is only permeable to water. The left side has 60 mg of salt added to the chamber. Which of the following will happen?
water will move toward the left side
If a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will
burst (lyse)
Which of the following is true about isotonic solutions?
- They have the same water concentration
- The same amount of water would move in and out of the cell. So there would be no net movement of water
- Cells would not change size/shape in it
Plants become rigid (stiff) due to taking in water in which of the following?
hypotonic solutions
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means that the percentage of water is
greater in the cell
A cell that is 95% water is placed inside a solution that is 100% water. What will happen?
the cell will swell because water will enter it
A piece of potato is placed in pure water. The potato cells are not 100% water. After water movement what kind of solution will be formed.
hypotonic
A fish that is accustomed to living in salt water is placed in fresh water. What do you predict might happen to the cells of the fish?
they might burst and cause the fish to die
Movement of the small molecules from left to right across the membrane requires what?
requires energy
In passive diffusion, substances always move
from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is the function of a selectively permeable membrane?
it controls what enters and leaves the cell
True or False:
As a cell's size decreases, its surface area-to-volume ratio increases.
True
True or False:
A small cell will allow a faster rate of diffusion
True