Vacuole ( Stores water and other substances)
In a Plant cell what is this called?
the control centre of the cell (Chromosomes made from DNA are found here) "The Brain of the Cell", directs all cell's activities.
What is the Nucleus of a cell?
Cytoplasm (chemical reactions happen here)
What is the term for the cell gel?
Mitochondria
Where does a cell gets all it's energy from?
Cell Membrane
What is the double-layered membrane that surrounds the cell called?
regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
What does the cell membrane do?
Cell Wall
What is the the rigid, porous outer layer of a plant cell called?
Chloroplast
In a plant cell what converts the radiant energy of the Sun into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis?
amoeba (reproduces by dividing in two) Moves with false feet)
Can you give an example of a single-celled organism
white blood cell
In the human body, what cells trap microbes and are used for defence?
red blood cell
In the human body what cells carry oxygen?
A dimple
What does the red blood cell have to help it carry Oxygen?
nerve cell
In the human body what cell carries electrical messages around the body?
Long and thin with a protective sheath (long finger like)
What do nerve cells look like?
thin walls and large surface area for maximum absorption of water and minerals from the soil
What do Root hair cells look like?
Has enzymes in the head, extra Mitochondria in the middle and a tail to swim with (contains half the genes of a normal cell) carries genetic material to the egg (fertilises it)
Describe the sperm cell and what it does
Extra food store to support the egg
What does the egg cell have extra of?
ciliated cells
What type of cell catches dust and microbes and move them out of the breathing system?
palisade cell
found in the upper layer of leaves. Lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
long extensions to cytoplasm
What does the nerve cell have?
Made of protein fibres and contact and relax to create movement (becomes shorter to cause movement)
What is a muscle cell and how do they work?
Prokaryote
What do you call a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?
Eukaryote
What do you call a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
bone cells
What cells does the body have which are programmed to create bones?
skin cells
What are the fastest cells to replicate in humans?
Diffusion
What do you call the process of spontaneous net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Dynamic equilibrium
a state of balance in which there is little or no total change.
vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?
The nucleus
What part of an animal cell and a plant cells controls what the cell does?
mitrochondria
Where in both animals and plant cells are most of the reactions involved in aerobic respiration carried out?
Movement, reproduction, sensitivity, growth, respiration, excretion, nutrition
What is the requirement to be counted as a living organism?
The basic units of life
What are cells?
Groups of cells work together to form tissue
What is tissue?
Croups of tissue work together to form organs
What are organs?
Organ systems
What do groups of organs form?
Complex organisms to carry out many different jobs at the same time
What does organisation of the body allow?
cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria
What do Plant and animal cells have in common?
root hair cell
What type of cell is this?
Sperm cell
What type of cell is this?
Leaf cell (packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight)
What type of cell is this?
Red blood cell
What type of cell is this?
haemoglobin
What do red blood cells contain to carry oxygen to the cells?
cilia
What are the hairs called on a ciliated cell?
Respiration
What happens in all living cells and is a way that energy is released from glucose so that all the other chemical processes needed for life can happen?
filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
What does the vacuole in a plant do
Glucose and oxygen react together in cells to produce carbon dioxide and water and releases energy. The reaction is called aerobic respiration because oxygen from the air is needed for it to work.
What is Aerobic respiration?
During hard exercise, not enough oxygen can reach your muscle cells. So, aerobic respiration is replaced with anaerobic respiration. This does not need oxygen for it to happen. Anaerobic respiration produces much less energy than aerobic respiration. The
What is Anaerobic respiration?
Nucleus
what is missing from human red blood cells?
cells
what are all living organisms made of?
part it plays in reproduction (because all the info needed for a cell to replicate itself is carried by genes made of long strands of DNA)
what is one of the main rolls of the nucleus of the cell?
all living material wishing a living cell other than the nucleus
what is Cytoplasm?
allows passage of certain chemicals both in and out of the cell, as well as enclosing the contents of the cell
What is the roll of thecell surface membrane?
because the information that is passed from one generation to another is stored in structures located on the chromosomes called genes
why is the study of features that are passed from one generation to another called genetics?
light microscope
what do we call the instrument often used to look at cells?
larger than sperm, contains female genes
describe the egg cell
to divide cells and develop embryo
what is the function of the egg cell
made up from a large number of cells of different types (most larger organisms are multicellular)
What do we mean by multicellular?
specialised cells of the SAME TYPE
What are tissues (i.e. muscles or skin) normally made of?
An organ, which is a structure that performs a specific function
When tissues of different kinds combine what can be formed?
leaf - made from different types of plant tissue
eye - made of of different types of animal tissue
Give examples of organs that are made up of different tissue types
system
In more complex animals such as mammals, what can organs combine to form?