Biology EOC Practice Questions (Packet 2)

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific kn

C. cells form through spontaneous generation

Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?
A. x-rays
B. computers
C. the light microscope
D. the scanning electron microscope

C. the light microscope

There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of he following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. lysosome
B. mitochondrion
C. nucleus
D. ribosome

D. ribosomes

What is the function of lysosomes?
A. location of DNA
B. protein synthesis
C. powerhouse of the cell
D. enzyme used to break things down

D. enzyme used to break things down

What is the function of mitochondrion?
A. protein synthesis
B. powerhouse of the cell
C. enzyme used to break things down
D. location of DNA

B. powerhouse of the cell

What is the function of ribosomes?
A. powerhouse of the cell
B. enzyme used to break things down
C. location of DNA
D. protein synthesis

D. protein synthesis

What is the function of the nucleus?
A. enzyme used to break things down
B. location of DNA
C. protein synthesis
D. powerhouse of the cell

B. location of DNA

Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?
A. passive transport by diffusion
B. active

B. active transport using ATP

Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
A. bacteria
B. only animal cells
C. protists
D. both plant and animal cells

D. both plant and animal cells

Which characteristics do most plants have in common?
A. they are unicellular
B. they are prokaryotic
C. they produce seeds
D. they are autotrophic

D. they are autotrophic

Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
A. ribosome - protein synthesis
B. mitochondrion - movement
C. vacuole - cell division
D. nucleus - storage of nutrients

A. ribosome protein synthesis

What is the function of the vacuole?
A. movement
B. cell division
C. storage of nutrients
D. powerhouse of the cell

C. storage of nutrients

Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
A. nucleus
B. cell membrane
C. vacuole
D. chloroplasts

D. chloroplasts

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?
A. the swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution
B. the saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in th

D. the water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution

The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called ...
A. perforated
B. semi-permeable
C. non-conductive
D. permeable

B. semi-permeable

Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
A. DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
B. bacterial cells contain the ame organelles as human cells
C. the basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria

C. the basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria

Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
A. one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands
B. two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
C. two molecules, each with two new strands
D. two mo

B. two molecules, each with one original and one new strand

At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
A. before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
B. before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting c

A. before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segments?
5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
A. 4
B. 8
C. 12
D. 20

A. 4

Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
A. placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
B. insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
C. movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
D. release of messenger RNA from DNA

B. insertion of a nucleotide into DNA

Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. nRNA

B. tRNA