Intro to the CJ System Chap 9

In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by

wrapping tightly around associated proteins

Chromatids are

duplicate halves of a chromosome

A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a

centromere

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain DNA, while prokaryotic chromosomes contain a different form of genetic material. True or False?

False

How many pairs do the chromosomes in your body exist in?

23 pairs

A student can study a karyotype to learn about the

number of chromosomes present in a body cell

A diploid cell is one that

has chromosomes found in pairs, is designated by the symbol 2n, and has two homologues of each cell.

Diploid: body cell as Haploid:

reproductive cell

The number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell?

23

How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?

16

What is binary fission?

the process by which bacteria produce

The chromosome of a bacterium

has a circular shape

In the bacterium, cell division takes place when

the DNA is copied, a new cell membrane forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two cells.

The stage of the cell that occupies the majority of the cell's life is

interphase.

What is the correct sequence of the cell cycle.

G1-S-G2-M-C

Growth: G1::

DNA copying: S

Metaphase: prophase::

G2: S

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called

metaphase

Anaphase

What is this picture describing?

A spindle fiber is

a specialized form of cilium

Telophase

What is this picture describing?

A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell has

a complete set of 46 chromosomes.

As a result of mitosis, each of the new cells produced from the original cell during cytokinesis

receives an exact copy of all chromosomes present in the original cell.

During which stage do the centromeres divide?

Anaphase

Cell cycle::

mitosis

In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when:

a new cell wall forms

Mitosis is a process by which

a cells nucleus divides

Cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells. True or False?

True.

Separation of the homologues occurs during

meiosis 1

The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase 1 of meiosis is that

chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase 1

When crossing over takes place, chromosomes

exchange corresponding segments of DNA

The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes

acts as a source of variation within a species.

Mitosis is a process by which

...

Chromatids are

duplicate halves of a chromosome.