Week 1 - Navigating the System; Linux Bash

Root Directory

The main directory that all other stem from
ex: /home/cindy/Desktop

ls

command that lists out the contents of the current directory

/bin

directory that stores essential binaries or programs (commands)

/etc

directory that stores important system configuration files

/home

personal directory for users; holds documents, pictures, videos, etc

/proc

directory that contains information about current running processes

/user

directory meant for installed software

/var

directory that stores system logs and any file that constantly changes

flag

a way to specify additional options for a command.

#NAME?

flag used in front of a command to show the user

man ___

man pages; command that shows the manual on the listed parameter

#NAME?

long; flag that shows detailed information about files and folders in the format of a long list

#NAME?

all; flat that shows all files including hidden ones

pwd

print working directory; command that shows you the current directory

cd

change directory; command that allows you to change to different folders

cd ..

command that allows you to relatively change directory up one level

cd ~

command that allows you to relatively change back to the home directory

mkdir

make directory; command that allows you to create a new directory or folder

history

command that allows you to see previously used commands

CTRL + R

keyboard shortcut that allows you to search through your history

clear

command that clears the output of your screen

cp

copy; command used to copy a directory/file to a specified location

wildcard

a character that's used to help select files based on a certain pattern (*)

cp -r

command parameter that allows user to copy both the directory and its contents to another specified location

mv

move; command that allows user to move or rename a directory file

rm

remove; command that allows a user to remove files and directories

rm -r

remove; command parameter that allows a user to remove a directory and its child files

cat

concatenate; command used to view the contents of a file

less

viewing command with additional functionality
g - moves to the beginning of a file
G - moves to the end of a file
/word_search - allows you to search for a word or phrase
q - quit

head

command that shows you the first 10 lines of a file

tail

command that shows you the last 10 lines of a file

nano

text editor used to edit text files in Linux

grep

command used to search for words w/in files that match a certain pattern

stdin

standard in; input that user provides to a process

stdout

standard out; output that a process responds with

stderr

standard error;

Regular expressions

used to help you do advanced pattern-basted selection

/dev/null

black hole" file for unwanted things