acne
also known as acne vulgaris; skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and propionibacterium acnes bacteria
arrector pili muscles
small, involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose flesh, sometimes called goose bumps, and papillae
callus
thickening of the skin caused by continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin especially the hands and feet
collagen
fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength
comedo or comedones
also known as blackhead; hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum
dermal papillae
small, cone-shaped elevation at the base of the hair follicles that fit into the hair bulb
dermatologist
physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.
dermatology
medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment
dermis
also known as derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; underlying or inner layer of the skin
elastin
protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue
epidermal-dermal junction
the top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis
epidermis
outermost and thinnest layer of the skin; it is made up of five layers; stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum.
esthetician
a specialist in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body, including the face and neck
eumelain
a type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color. People with dark-colored skin mostly produce eumelanin. there are two types of melanin; the other types is pheomelanin.
keratin
fibrous protein of cells that is also the principal component of hair and nails
melanin
tiny grains of pigment, coloring matter that are produced by melanocytes and deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and in the papillary layers of the dermis. There are two types of melanin; phoemelanin, which is red to ye
melanocytes
cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin
motor nerve fibers
fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles. Motor nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles.
papillary layer
outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis.
papule
also known as pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus
pheomelanin
a type of melanin that is red to yellow in color. People with light-colored skin mostly produce pheomelanin. there are two types of melanin; the other type is eumelanin.
propionibacterium acnes
abbreviated p acnes; technical term for acne bacteria
pustule
raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the head of the pimple
reticular layer
deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients; contains fat cells, blood vessels, sudoriferous, sweat glands, hair follicles, lymph vessels, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous, oil glands, and nerve endings
sebaceous glands
also known as oil glands; glands connected to hair follicles. sebum is the fatty or oily secretion of the sebaceous glands
sebum
a fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair
secretory coil
coiled base of the sudoriferous, seat gland.
secretory nerve fibers
fibers of the seretory nerve that are distributed to the sudoriferous glands and sebaceous glands. Secretory nerves, which are part of the autonomic nervous system, ANS,regulate the excretion of perspiration from the sweat glands and controls the flow of
sensory nerve fibers
fibers of the sensory nerves that react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain. sensory receptors that send messages to the brain.
stratum corneum
also known as horny layer; outer layer of the epidermis
stratum germinativum
also known as basal cell layer, deepest, live layer of the epidermis that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for growth
stratum lucidum
clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum
stratum spinosum
the spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum layer
subcutaneous tissue
also known as adipose or subcutis tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fat for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the outer skin
sudoriferous glands
also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemical
tactile corpuscles
small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure.
vitamin A
supports the overall health of the skin; aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells; has been shown to improve the skins elasticity and thickness
vitamin C
an important substance needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues; promotes the production of collagen in the skins dermal tissues; aids in and promotes the skins healing process
Vitamin D
Enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium, the element needed for proper bone development and maintenance. Vitamin D also promotes rapid healing of the skin
Vitamin E
Helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun's UV light