Chapter 04: Bacteriology

Microorganisms

Bacteriology is the scientific study of:

Microorganisms

Bacteria are minute, one-celled:

Skin, Water, Air, Decayed Matter, Bodily Secretions, Clothing, Beneath the Nails, & Warm, Dark, Damp, & Dirty Places

Bacteria are most numerous in:

Disease

Pathogenic bacteria produce:

Pathogenic Bacteria

Harmful Bacteria are called:

Warm, Dark, Damp, & Dirty Places & Where Food Is Present

Bacteria live & grow best in:

Germs or Microbes

Bacteria are commonly known as:

Microscope

Bacteria are only visible with the aid of a:

Round Shape

Cocci are bacteria that have a:

Rod Shape

Bacillie are bacteria that have a:

Corkscrew Shape

Spirilla are bacteria that have a:

Staphylococci Bacteria

Pus-forming organisms that grow in clusters and cause abscesses, pustules, pimples, and boils are:

Streptococci Bacteria

Pus-forming organisms that grow in chains and cause strep throat, tonsillitis, lung diseases, and blood poisoning are:

DIPLOCOCCI BACTERIA

Bacteria that grow in paris, causing pneumonia and gonorrhea are:

BACILLI BACTERIA

Bacteria that produce diseases such as tetanus, influenza, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria are:

SPIRILLA BACTERIA

The type of bacteria that causes syphilis and Lyme disease is:

PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Pustules and boils contain: PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

FLAGELLA or CILIA

Hairlike projections that propel bacteria through liquids are called:

VEGETATIVE STAGE

The active stage of bacteria is also known as the:

SPORE-FORMING STAGE

The inactive stage of bacteria is also known as the:

GROW AND REPRODUCE

During the active stage, bacteria:

LIE DORMANT

During the inactive stage, bacteria:

Half

Bacteria reproduce by dividing in:

MITOSIS

The process of cell division is known as:

POISON

Toxin means:

INFECTION

The presence of pus is a sign of:

Local Infection

A boil is an example of a:

Blood Poisoning

An example of a general infection is:

Transmitted Person to Person by Contact

A communicable or contagious disease is:

Scabies, Head Lice, Ringworm, Common Cold, Tuberculosis, & Viral Infections

A contagious disease that will prevent a barber from servicing clients is:

Soiled Hands or Implements, Open Sores, Pus, Oral or Nasal Discharges, Common Use of Drinking Cups & Towels.

Disease may be spread by:

Broken Skin (cut, pimple, scratch), Mouth (contaminated water or food), Nose (breathing), Eyes or Ears, & Unprotected Sex

Bacteria can enter the body through:

Immunity

Resistance to disease is known as:

Viruses

Disease-producing organisms that live only by penetrating cells and becoming part of them are:

BACTERIA

Organisms that can live on their own are:

BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

Disease-producing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in blood or body fluids are:

SEPSIS

Poisoning due to pathogenic bacteria is called:

ASEPSIS

An absence of disease germs is known as:

SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS

Symptoms such as itching, burning, or pain are called:

PARASITES

Plant or animal organisms that live on another living organism without giving anything in return are called:

PLANT PARASITE

Ringworm is caused by a:

THE BODY OR HEAD LOUSE

Pediculosis is caused by:

HEPATITIS C VIRUS

There is no vaccine for the:

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME

AIDS stands for:

HIV

The virus that causes AIDS is:

ANTIGEN

Antibodies may neutralize an:

THROUGH SEXUAL CONTACT WITH AN INFECTED PERSON

One of the most common methods of transmitting the AIDS virus is:

BLOOD TO BLOOD CONTACT WITH AN INFECTED PERSON

The most likely manner in which HIV may be transmitted in the barbershop is by:

11 YEARS

A person can be infected with HIV without having symptoms for up to:

HIV, ARC, AIDS

The symptom stages of AIDS appear in the following order:

Acute Disease

Disease with rapid onset, severe symptoms, and short course or duration:

Allergy

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is:

Aseptic

Freedom from disease or germs is:

Chronic Disease

Disease of Long Duration, usually mild but recurring is a:

Congenital Disease

Disease that exists at birth is a:

Contagious Disease

Disease that is communicable or transmittable by contact is a:

Contraindication

Any Condition or Disease that makes an indicated treatment or medication inadvisable is a:

Diagnosis

Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms:

Disease

Abnormal condition of all or part of the body, organ, or mind that makes it incapable of carrying on normal function is a:

Epidemic

Appearance of a disease that simultaneously attacks a large number of persons living in a particular locality is a:

Etiology

Study of the causes of disease and their mode of operation is:

Infectious Disease

Disease cause by pathogenic microorganisms or viruses that are easily spread is an:

Inflammation

Condition of some part of the body as a protective response to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling is:

Objective Symptoms

Symptoms that are visible, such as pimples, pustules, or inflammation are:

Occupational Disease

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as coming in contact with certain chemicals or tints is an:

Parasitic Disease

Disease cause by vegetable or animal parasites, such as pediculosis & ringworm is a:

Pathogenic Disease

Disease produced by disease-causing bacteria, such as staphylococcus and streptococcus is a:

Pathology

Science that investigates modifications of the functions and changes in structure caused by disease is:

Prognosis

Foretelling of probable course of a disease is a:

Seasonal Disease

Disease influenced by the weather is a:

Sepsis

The poisoned state caused by the absorption of pathogenic microorganisms and their products into the bloodstream is:

Subjective Symptoms

Symptoms that can be felt, such as itching, burning, or pain are:

Systemic Disease

Disease that affects the body generally, often due to under- or over-functioning of the internal glands is a:

Venereal Disease

Contagious disease commonly acquired by contact with an infected person during sexual intercourse, characterized by sores & rashes on the skin is a:

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

The onset of life-threatening illnesses that compromise the immune system as a result of HIV infection and disease is:

Acquired Immunity

An immunity that the body develops after it overcomes a disease or through inoculation is:

Active Stage (Vegetative)

The stage in which bacteria grow and reproduce:

Aseptic

Free of Disease Germs:

Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria that produce diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, & diphtheria, and are the most common, are:

Bacteria

One-celled microorganisms also known as germs or microbes:

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids:

Cocci

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups:

Contagious Disease (Communicable)

A disease that may be transmitted by contact:

Diplococci

Round-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as pneumonia and gonorrhea, & grow in pairs:

Flagella

Hairlike extensions that propel bacteria through liquid:

Fungi

Plant parasites such as molds, mildew, yeasts, and rusts that can cause ringworm and favus:

General Infection

An infection that results when the bloodstream carries bacteria or viruses to all parts of the body:

Hepatitis

A bloodborne disease marked by inflammation of the liver:

Human Disease Carrier

A person who is immune to a disease, but harbors germs that infect other people:

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

The virus that causes AIDS:

Immunity

The ability of the body to resist invasion by bacteria and to destroy bacteria once they have entered the body:

Inactive Stage (Spore-forming)

The stage in which certain bacteria can lie dormant until conditions are right for growth and reproduction:

Infection

The result when the body is unable to cope with the invasion of bacteria and their harmful toxins:

Mitosis

The division of cells during reproduction:

Natural Immunity

A natural resistance to disease that is partially inherited and partially developed:

Nonpathogenic

Beneficial or harmless bacteria that perform many useful functions:

Objective Symptoms

Symptoms that can be seen:

Parasites

Plant or animal organisms that live on other living organisms without giving anything in return:

Pathogenic

Harmful, disease-producing bacteria:

Pediculosis

A contagious infestation caused by head or body louse:

Pus

Fluid that contains white blood cells, dead and living bacteria, waste matter, tissue elements, and body cells: is a sign of infection:

Scabies

A contagious disorder caused by the itch mite:

Sepsis

A poisoned state cause by the absorption of pathogenic microorganisms into the bloodstream:

Spirilla

Curved or Corkscrew-shaped bacteria that can cause syphilis and Lyme disease:

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacteria that cause abscesses, pustules, pimples, and boils, & grow in bunches or clusters:

Streptococci

Pus-forming bacteria that cause infections such as strep throat, tonsillitis, lung & throat diseases, and blood poisoning & grow in chains:

Subjective Symptoms

Symptoms that can be felt or experienced:

Virus

An infectious agent that lives only by penetrating cells and becoming a part of them:

Unbroken Skin (first line of defense), Body Secretions (perspiration, digestive juices), White Blood Cells (destroy bacteria), & Antitoxins (counteract toxins produced by bacteria and viruses)

The body fights infection by means of its defensive forces, which include:

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)

Flu-like illness that usually lasts about 3 weeks, includes jaundice, fatigue, nausea, fever, abdominal pain, & loss of appetite, spread through poor sanitation, hygiene, contaminated foods & sex, Vaccine available:

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

Serious disease that accumulates in the blood, cirrhosis, failure, & cancer of the liver & death, transmitted thru blood, saliva, sex, break in skin or mucous membrane, or blood to blood, Vaccine available:

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Can progress slowly and may include symptoms of fatigue and abdominal pain, transferred thru break in skin or mucous membrane, sex, blood transfusions, & illegal drug injections, NO VACCINE:

Blood, Breast Milk, Semen, & Vaginal Secretions

HIV is passed from person to person through body fluids such as:

Sexual Contact With Infected Persons, Use or Sharing of Dirty Hypodermic Needles, Infected Blood Transfusion, & Mother to Child During Pregnancy & Birth

The most common methods of transferring HIV are through:

White Blood Cells

Leukocytes are divided into two categories, lymphocytes & phagocytic cells and are another name for:

Activating The Cells To Produce The Antibodies

T-4 cells, a type of lymphocyte, trigger appropriate responses from other specialized white blood cells, such as:

Retrovirus

One of the most difficult aspects of treating HIV infections is that HIV is a:

Retrovirus

A virus that uses the reproductive processes of the host cell (to which it becomes attached) to duplicate itself, is:

Virus

The smallest disease-producing organisms:

Daughter Cells

The cells that are formed during mitosis are called:

Outer Wall & Internal Protoplasm

Bacteria generally consist of two parts:

Active Stage (vegetative) & Inactive Stage (spore-forming)

The two distinct phases in the life cycle of bacteria are:

General Infection

Blood Poisoning is what kind of infection:

Local Infection

A boil is an example of what kind of infection:

Cilia or Flagella

Hairlike projections that propel bacteria through liquids are called what 2 things:

Head or Body Louse

Pediculosis is caused by:

Cocci

Round-shaped bacteria:

Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria:

Spirilla

Corkscrew-shaped bacteria:

Antigen

Antibodies neutralize an: