Chapter 19- Haircoloring

A key factor in determining appropriate haircoloring services is understanding the client's:

Motivation.

Once a stylist demonstrates the ability to skillfully color a client's hair, the client will generally:

Remain loyal.

In choosing hair color for a client, a determining factor is the hair:

Structure.

The layer of the hair that provides strength & elasticity is the:

Cortex layer.

The outermost layer of the hair that protects & provides strength is the:

Cuticle layer.

In individual hair strands, hair texture is determined by the:

Diameter.

Hair color applied to fine hair may look:

Darker.

Haircoloring services on coarse-textured hair may take:

Longer to process.

Hair with a tight cuticle resistant to moisture or chemicals is defined as having:

Low porosity.

The predominant melanin that gives black or brown color to hair is:

Eumelanin.

Pigment that lies under the natural hair color is the:

Contributing pigment.

The lightness or darkness of a color is called the:

Level.

The system used by colorists to analyze the lightness or darkness of the hair color is the:

Level system.

Hair color levels are arranged on a scale from:

1 to 10.

Hair color tones can be described as:

Warm, neutral, & cool.

Colors that absorb light & appear darker than their actual level are:

Cool colors.

Warm tones reflect light & may appear:

Lighter.

Colors that are described as sandy or tan are considered:

Natural tones.

The first step in performing a haircolor service is to identify:

Natural levels.

Colors that we see are contained in the:

Visible light spectrum.

Artifical hair colors are developed from the primary & secondary colors that form:

Base colors.

A color that will help minimize orange tones in the hair is a:

Blue base color.

A system that is used to understand color relationships is the:

Law of color.

Colors that are pure or fundamental & cannot be achieved from a mixture are:

Primary colors.

The primary colors are:

Yellow, blue, & red.

The darkest & only cool primary color is:

Blue.

Red added to blue-based colors will cause them to appear:

Lighter.

A color achieved by mixing a secondary color & its neighboring primary color is a:

Tertiary color.

Equal proportions of primary colors will produce:

Black.

A secondary color is obtained by mixing equal parts of two:

Primary colors.

A primary & secondary color positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are:

Complementary colors.

Complementary colors are used in color formulation to:

Neutralize each other.

The process of diffusing natural color pigment or artificial color from the hair is:

Hair lightening.

All permanent hair color products & lighteners contain an oxidizing agent & a(n):

Alkalizing ingredient.

A hair-lightening process occurs when the alkaline peroxide:

Breaks up the melanin.

Temporary color pigment molecules do not penetrate because they are:

Large.

Semipermanent hair color on average should last:

4 to 6 weeks.

Haircoloring that penetrates the hair shaft & is formulated to deposit but not lift color is:

Demipermanent hair color.

Demipermanent hair color is available in a variety of formulas including:

Creams, gels, & liquid.

Uncolored dye precursors that can be diffused into the hair shaft are used in:

Permanent hair color formulas.

Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger tint molecules are:

Aniline derivatives.

Although many semipermanent & demipermanent colors use alkalizing agents other than ammonia, they are not necessarily any less:

Damaging.

Permanent haircoloring products are mixed with:

Hydrogen peroxide.

Permanent hair color products used for gray hair remove natural pigment &:

Add artificial color.

To provide maximum lift in a one-process color service, most high-lift colors require:

40 volume peroxide.

Haircoloring products that change hair color by creating a progressive buildup contain:

Metallic colors.

The most common developer used in haircoloring is:

Hydrogen peroxide.

Lighteners are chemical compounds that lighten natural hair pigment by dispersing, dissolving, &:

Decolorizing.

When hydrogen peroxide is mixed with a lightener formula, it releases:

Oxygen.

During the decolorization process, natural hair can go through as many as:

10 stages.

Toners are used to achieve pale, delicate colors & are applied to create the correct degree of:

Contributing pigment.

The test required by the U.S. Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act to determine client allergies or sensitivities is the:

Predisposition test.

To determine how hair will react to a selected color formula, perform a(n):

Preliminary strand test.

When selecting a semipermanent color, remember that color applied on top of color creates:

A darker color.

Permanent hair color applications are classified as double-process or:

Single-process.

The application process that is used for first-time color application is:

Virgin application.

Overlapping color can cause breakage & create a sign of roots or:

Line of demarcation.

Double-process lightening is prelightening hair to a very blonde stage & applying a:

Toner.

For a single-process color for virgin hair, the color processes fastest at:

The scalp.

Cream lighteners are formulated to be used:

On the scalp.

The three forms of hair lighteners are:

Oil, powder, & cream.

An oxidizer added to hydrogen peroxide to increase its lifting power action is a(n):

Activator.

A technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is:

Lowlighting.

A foil technique where a straight & narrow section of hair at the scalp is positioned for color or lighener application is:

Slicing.

In the foil technique when selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a zigzag motion of the comb, & lightener is applied in:

Weaving.

When coloring for a client with 80 to 100 percent gray, the color levels that provide the best coverage are:

Level 7 & darker.

To cover unpigmented hair in a salt-&-pepper client, the color formulation should be:

Two levels lighter than the natural level.

Pretreating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration is:

Presoftening.

Preparations designed to equal porosity & deposit a base color in one application are:

Fillers.

To increase the longevity of a professional color service & preserve the health of clients' hair, the stylist should encourage them to use only:

Professional products.