a type of hair gel that makes the hair pliable enough to finger wave is
waving lotion
curved
A _____ part is used for a high forehead or a receding hairline
Lighter highlights may be used at the temples to create the illusion of
width
straight
the profile that is considered to be ideal is the ___ profile
the outline of the face, head and figure seen in a side view is the
profile
creates the shape, design and movement of a hairstyle
lines
to offset or round out the ____ facial type, choose a style that has volume around areas between the temples and jaw and adds width around ears
square
the styling choice for a client with a ____ facial type would be a style that has volume on top and closeness or no volume at the sides
round
the facial shape that is one and a half times longer than its width across the brow is the
oval face
determined by the position and prominence of the facial bones
facial type
two defining characteristics of hair type are
wave patterns and hair texture
the principle of hair design that hold all the elements of design together is
harmony
the regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in a design is the
rhythm
the hair design where both sides of a hairstyle form a mirror image of each other is said to have
symmetrical balance
establishing equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry in a design is called
balance
the comparative relationship of one thing to another in hair design is called
proportion
a single line of color, or a series of repeated lines, creates a
bold dramatic accent
the elements used to define texture and line and tie design elements together is
color
the area surrounding the form or the area the hairstyle occupies is
space
the wave pattern used to accentuate the face and narrow a round head shape should be
smooth
to draw a line in a hairstyle in the direction you want the eye to travel, use a
light color
the part of the overall design that the client will respond to first is the
silhouette
can come from almost anywhere, at anytime
inspiration for design
another name for the form or mass of a hairstyle is
volume
curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or verticle lines are
transitional lines
horizontal and vertical lines that create a hard edge and form a 90 degree angle
contrasting lines
curved lines repeating in opposite directions create a
wave
the type of line used to make a hairstyle appear longer and narrower is a
vertical line
lines a constant distance apart in the same direction that are used to create width in a hair design are
horizontal lines
the element of hair design that defines form and space is
line
is not one of the five basic elements of three-dimensional hair design
creativity
usually recommended at the side front hairline for a smooth, upsweep effect
rectangular base pin curls
works on all hair, including straight, permanent, waved, or naturally curly hair
pin curls
caused the rage in the 20s and 30s
finger waving
used to create the illusion of width or height in a hairstyle
diagonal back partings
offers the most versatility in styling
wavy, medium hair
pattern changes are considered permanent, lasting until the new growth is long enough to alter the design
chemical waving
an example of the use of single lines is
one-length hairstyle
do not reflect much light and can be coarse to the touch
curly hair and extremely curly hair
the stationary foundation of a curl that is also the area closest to the scalp is called the
base
the movement or amount of mobility of a curl is determined by the
stem
the type of curl that is placed completely off base and allows for the greatest mobility is the
full stem curl
a section of hair molded in a circular movement in preperation for the formation of a pin curl is a
shaping
pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls are
open-center curls
pin curls that produce waves that get smaller in size toward the end are
closed-center curls
the most commonly shaped pin curl base is the
arc base
to measure ___, you should divide the face into four equal parts
symmetry
along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style, the recommended base to use is a
triangular base
also known as the half-moon or c-shape base curls
arc pin curls
forcing hair between the thumb and the back of the comb to create tension is called
ribboning
pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are referred to as
carved curls
___are pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a wave
ridge curls
two rows of ridge curls on the side of a head are called
skip waves
large diameter pin curls that are similar to a roller but do not have the same amount of tension are
barrel curls
the panel of hair on which a roller is placed is called the
base
___is responsible for education clients about at-home maintenance and styling options for their hair
professional hairstylist
to create curls in hair using rollers, the hair should be placed around the roller
2 and a half turns
for a roller set where the least amount of volume is desired, rollers should be placed completely
off base
the point where curls of opposite directions meet forming a recessed area is called
indentation
when ___ a roller, one end of the clip should be under the roller and one end inside the roller
securing
another term used to describe backbrushing is
ruffing
combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp to form a cushion at the base is known as
teasing
a styling technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight while retaining shape is
wrapping
the technique of drying and styling damp hair in one operation is
blowdry styling
a blowdryer attachment used to concentrate or keep textural definition is a
diffuser
brushes that are used to blowdry precision haircuts where little or no volume is desired are
classic style brushes
large flat brushes with staggered pin patterns used for mid to longer hair lengths are
paddle brushes
brushes that add polish and shine to the hair have a bristle mixture consisting of boar and nylon
grooming
the edges of flat irons that create smooth straight styles on very curly hair are
straight
styling foam, a light, airy, whipped styling product that resembles shaving foam is also called
mousse
the edge of a flat iron that is nearest to the stylist is called the
inner edge
combs that are used for thermal curling should be made of
hard rubber
the correct temperature setting of the iron for thermal coloring is determined by the
hair texture
as a rule of thumb,___ and ___ hair can withstand more heat than fine hair
coarse, gray
hanging curls that are suitable for medium to long hairstyles are
spiral curls
when creating ___ curls, the hair should be held with medium tension at 125 degree angle
full base
the process of temporarily straightening extremely curly hair by means of a heated comb is called
hair pressing
curls that alter a curl option with only slight lift or volume are
off base curls
the type of hair pressing service that removes 50 to 60 percent of the curl is
soft press
the hair type that is very resistant to hair pressing and requires more heat and pressure is
wiry/ curly
like hot rollers, velcro rollers are only used on
dry hair
on curly hair, wet wrapping creates a
smooth sleek look
to press hair satisfactorily for a client with a flexible scalp, the stylist must use enough
tension
good quality pressing combs are constructed of either
stainless steel or brass
pressing combs with less space between the teeth produce a
smooth press
after heating a pressing comb, the temperature of the comb should be tested using
light paper
to remove the carbon buildup from the metal portion of a pressing comb, immerse the metal portion of the comb in a solution containing
baking soda
the press performed when the hair becomes curly again due to perspiration or dampness is a
touch up
when executing an updo, inspect the shape from every angle to make sure it is
well balanced and proportioned
a true classic updo created out of a simple ponytail that can be a simple style or dressed up is a
chignon
___ ___ are positioned between the horizontal and vertical lines, often used to emphasize or minimize facial features
diagonal lines
lines moving in a circular or semi circular direction used to soften a design
curved
____ lines with a definite forward or backward movement
directional
refers to wave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style for a client
design texture
___ is established when an imaginary line is drawn through the center of the face and two resulting halves of a hairstyle have an equal visual weight but are positioned unevenly
asymetrical balance
also known as focus, in a design is what draws the eyes first, before it travels to the rest of the design
emphasis
a face with a receding forehead and chin
convex profile
a face with a prominent forehead and chin with other features receded inward
concave profile
the triangular section that begins at the apex, or highpoint of the head and ends at the front corners
fringe area
arc pin curls fastened to the head in a standing position to create height in the hair design
cascade curls
___ also known as wax, adds weight to the hair by causing strands to join together, showing seperation in the hair
pomade
__ also known as finishing spray is the most widely used in hairstyling product
hairspray
it is important to temper a new ___ pressing comb, so that it will hold heat evenly along its entire length and provide consistent results
brass
when pressing gray hair, avoid excessive heat, which may cause
discoloration and breakage
pleat is a traditional updo sometimes called a classic
french twist
a curl placed directly on its base to produce a tight firm long lasting curl
no stem curl
thermal curls placed very high on their base, providing maximum lift or volume
volume base curl
a styling product that is lighter and less viscous than firm hold gels used for easy styling defining and molding
texturizer
is a nozzle attachment of a blow dryer that directs air stream to any section of the hair more intensely
concentrator
is also thermal waving and curling
marcel waving
a styling product that adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural definition
silicone